London Underground 1992 Tube Stock

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
London Underground 1992 Tube Stock
A 1992 Tube Stock train enters Roding Valley station.
A 1992 Tube Stock train enters Roding Valley station.
Numbering: DM (A): 91001–91349 (odd numbers)
NDM (B): 92001–92267 (continuous)
92269–92349 (odd numbers)
92402–92464 (even numbers)
NDM (C): 93002–93266 (even numbers)
NDM (D): 93402-93464 (even numbers)
DM (E): 65501-65510
NDM (F): 67501-67510
Number: Central Line:
85 8-car trains.
Waterloo & City Line:
5 4-car trains
Manufacturer: FIG
Year of construction (s): 1991-1994
Gauge : 1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Length over coupling: 66,316 mm (4-car train)
132,628 mm (8-car train)
Height: 2,869 mm
Width: 2,620 mm
Trunnion Distance: 10,000 mm
Empty mass: DM (A & E): 22.5 t
NDM (B)): 20.5 t
NDM (C, D & F): 21.5 t
4-car train: 86.0 t
8-car train: 170.0 t
Top speed: 100 km / h
Power system : 630 V DC
Power transmission: 2 power rails (positive and negative)
Seats: 136 (4-car train)
272 (8-car train)

The London Underground 1992 Tube Stock (or just 92 Tube Stock for short) is a series of electric railcars that are used in London on the Central Line and the Waterloo & City Line . According to the usual conventions at London Underground , the name is derived from the planned year of commissioning (1992).

history

The order for the 1992 Tube Stock was preceded by the testing of three different prototypes, the 1986 Tube Stock . After completion of the tests, 85 8-car trains of the 1992 Tube Stock were ordered from ABB in Derby in 1989 to replace the 1962 Tube Stock on the Central Line. The first train on the Central Line came into service on April 7, 1993.

Train formation and details

The 1992 Tube Stock consists of 2-car units, which are made up of the following four different car types:

  • Driving Motor Car A (DM): These cars are equipped with a driver's cab, pantographs and drive motors.
  • Non-Driving Motor Car B (NDM): These cars do not have a driver's cab or pantograph, but are powered; this car receives the necessary electricity from the coupled second car of the unit.
  • Non-Driving Motor Car C (NDM): In contrast to the Non-Driving Motor Car B, these cars have their own pantographs and are also powered.
  • Non-Driving Motor Car D (NDM): These cars correspond to a Non-Driving Motor Car C, but are also equipped with a de-icing device.

From these four car types, three different types of 2-car units are formed: AB units, BC units and BD units. These 2-car units can be coupled to form 4, 6 or 8-car trains as long as there is a driver's cab at both ends of the train. There are also EF units for use on the Waterloo & City Line, these correspond in principle to an AB unit, but the EF units can only be coupled with one another, since the trains for the two lines are now separated from each other through different conversions distinguish. So the trains on the Central Line, for example now for Automatic Train Protection (automatic train control ) and Automatic Train Operation ( automated driving ) equipped while driving still manually on the Waterloo & City line.

As a new feature, the vehicles were given wider doors to enable faster passenger changes. In addition, for the first time, the doors were guided on the outside of the car body . Further improvements for passengers were the larger windows and the automatic digital station announcement that was available from the start. The 1992 Tube Stock is also the first series from London Underground to use computer technology in many places. This also made it possible to upgrade the trains in September 1998 with a software update. This update, known as High Performance Operation , allows vehicles to accelerate faster, brake better and at a higher top speed.

BR class 482

Another five 4-car trains were ordered by British Rail as British Rail Class 482 to replace the class 487 trains from 1940 on the Waterloo & City Line, which at that time was not yet part of London Underground. In contrast to the trains of the Central Line, the cars are referred to here as Driving Motor Car E and Non-Driving Motor Car F , whereby type E cars are basically similar to type A and type F to type B. Nevertheless, the EF units cannot be coupled with other units, as the trains for the Central Line now differ from those of the Waterloo & City Line through a number of modifications. For example, the trains on the Central Line are now equipped for Automatic Train Protection and Automatic Train Operation, while the Waterloo & City Line is still operated manually. Initially, these vehicles only differed in their paintwork, while the 1992 Tube Stock was painted in the London Underground colors, Class 482 vehicles were delivered in Network SouthEast colors . Since a modernization in 2006, these trains have now also been painted in the London Underground colors.

These vehicles came to London Underground on April 1, 1994 with the handover of the Waterloo & City Line and have been referred to as 1992 Tube Stock since then.

Problems

Due to the largely new technology, the vehicles were initially quite error-prone, which led to a number of small modifications in the early days of use. In 2003, the entire fleet was temporarily decommissioned after the derailment of a train at Chancery Lane station on January 25, 2003. The cause of the derailment was an engine that had detached from the bogie and fell onto the tracks. The subsequent troubleshooting and subsequent modification of the entire fleet meant that the Central Line had to be completely discontinued by March 14, 2003 and partially by April 12, 2003.

commitment

The 1992 Tube Stock is used on the Central Line; only 8-car trains are used here in scheduled operation, although in theory shorter trains would also be possible and permissible. Five trains, each coupled from two EF units, are used on the Waterloo & City Line. The vehicles cannot easily be used on other lines, this also applies to the exchange of 1992 Tube Stock cars between the two lines.

gallery

  • Interior of the 1992 Tube Stock on the Waterloo & City Line

  • Interior of the 1992 Tube Stock on the Central Line

  • A Waterloo & City Line train at Bank Station

  • A Waterloo & City Line train at Bank Station (still in Network SouthEast colors)

  • 1992 Tube Stock on the Central Line

  • A train entering Stratford Station

literature

  • Brian Hardy: London Underground Rolling Stock . 15th edition. Capital Transport, Harrow Weald 2002, ISBN 1-85414-263-1 .

Web links

Commons : London Underground 1992 Stock  - Collection of images, videos and audio files