Bar tarantula
| Bar tarantula | ||||||||||||
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Barbed tarantula ( Alopecosa trabalis ), female |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Alopecosa trabalis | ||||||||||||
| ( Clerck , 1757) |
The barbed tarantula or broad-banded pseudo -tarantula ( Alopecosa trabalis ) is a species of spider from the family of wolf spiders (Lycosidae). The species colonizes open, sunny locations and is widespread in Central Europe.
description
Like the other members of the genus, the barbed tarantula is a large spider by Central European standards. Males reach a body length of up to 11 mm, females are up to 15 mm long.
Males and females are clearly colored differently. Compared to other Alopecosa species, the coloring of the females is generally quite poor in contrast. The prosoma is warm yellowish brown in the middle and dark brown on the edges. The opisthosoma is fawn brown. At the base it shows a somewhat darker gray-brown mark, which is broad towards the front and tapering towards the back (the so-called tip spot). This tip spot has a slightly cream-colored border at the base, this border ends in a white point approximately at the level of the middle of the tip spot. To the right and left of the middle of the back there are often other small white dots or rows of dots.
The male is drawn much more contrasty. The prosoma is broadly snow-white in the middle and black-brown on the edges. The opisthosoma shows a gray-brown, broadly white-edged tip spot, the center of the opisthosoma is light brown, on the sides black-brown.
distribution and habitat
The barbed tarantula is found in almost all of Europe, it is only absent in the northwest. According to the current state of knowledge, the north-western limit of distribution runs through Germany roughly on a line between Prenzlau and Münster . It is very rare in the Benelux countries and completely absent in Great Britain. The species, like all members of the genus, loves warmth, it mainly inhabits dry grassland on rocky and sandy surfaces, also in larger clearings or at the edges of forests. There it is mainly in bulbs of grass.
Danger
The barbed tarantula is classified as endangered in some federal states (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg) due to its close ties to sunny, dry open areas ( Red List , Category 3); in Germany as a whole, however, it is not considered endangered.
Individual evidence
- ^ Theodor CH Cole : Dictionary of invertebrates / Dictionary of Vertebrates . Springer Spektrum, 2017, p. 175, ISBN 978-3-662-52869-3 .
literature
- Heiko Bellmann: Cosmos Atlas Arachnids of Europe . 3rd edition, 2006. Kosmos, Stuttgart. ISBN 978-3-440-10746-1
- Ralph Platen, Bodo von Broen, Andreas Herrmann, Ulrich M. Ratschker & Peter Sacher: Total species list and red list of spiders, harvestmen and pseudoscorpions of the state of Brandenburg (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Pseudoscorpiones) with information on frequency and ecology. Nature conservation and landscape management in Brandenburg 8, booklet 2 (supplement); 1999.
