Baqīʿ al-Gharqad

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Baqīʿ al-Gharqad ( Arabic بقيع الغرقد, DMG Baqīʿ al-Ġarqad ), also Jannat al-Baqīʿ ( Arabic جنة البقيع, DMG Ǧannat al-Baqīʿ  'the garden of al-Baqīʿ') or just al-Baqīʿ , is the first and oldest Islamic cemetery in Medina , Saudi Arabia . The cemetery facilities were completely destroyed during the jihad in 1926.

Panoramic view of the remains of the Baqīʿ al-Gharqad

history

The Baqi Cemetery is next to the Prophet's Mosque ( al-masǧid an-nabawī ), the largest mosque in Medina with the tomb of Muhammad . Part of the name is the tree al-Gharqad .

The cemetery facilities, including their shrines, mausoleums and tombstones, were destroyed for the first time in 1806 under the Wahhabi leader Saud I ibn Abd al-Aziz , rebuilt under the Turkish protective power until 1860 , and during the jihad in 1926 by the Ichwān , fanatical supporters of the Wahhabis, finally eliminated. The order for this was last issued by King Ibn Saud after he had conquered the Kingdom of Hejaz , under whose Hashemite rule the cemetery had been until then. At that time, the Madschles-e Schora-ye Melli (“National Advisory Assembly”), the parliament of Iran , protested against the demolitions . The destruction is commemorated annually on the day of mourning (yaum-e gham) .

meaning

One of the mausoleums destroyed today

Many relatives and companions of the Prophet are buried in this cemetery . Among other things, the tombs of the following imams of the Twelve Shiites are located on this site:

2. Hasan ibn 'Alī (al-Hasan)
4. ʿAlī ibn Huzain Zain al-ʿĀbidīn
5. Muhammad al-Bāqir
6. Jafar as-Sadiq

Other people buried there are Ibrahim ibn Muhammad and Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib .

All of these mausoleums were destroyed by Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud after the Saudi conquest of Medina (see Destruction of Islamic Cultural Heritage in Saudi Arabia ).

See also

literature

  • AJ Wensinck, AS Bazmee Ansari: Art. "Baḳīʿ al-Gharḳad" in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition Vol. I, pp. 957b-958a.
  • Werner Ende: Stumbling blocks. The mausoleum of Ahl al-bayt in Medina in Hinrich Biesterfeldt and Verena Klemm (eds.): Difference and dynamics in Islam. Festschrift for Heinz Halm on his 70th birthday . Würzburg 2012. pp. 181-200.

Web links

Commons : Baqīʿ al-Gharqad  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 24 ° 28 ′ 0.3 "  N , 39 ° 36 ′ 59.3"  E