Earl of Marlborough
Earl of Marlborough is a hereditary British title of nobility , awarded twice in the Peerage of England and named after the town of Marlborough in Wiltshire .
Awards
The title was first bestowed on February 5, 1626 to Lord Chief Justice and Lord High Treasurer , James Ley, 1st Baron Ley . This had already been raised to Baronet , of Westbury in the County of Wiltshire on July 20, 1619 in the Baronetage of England , and on December 31, 1624 in the Peerage of England to Baron Ley , of Ley in the County of Devon. The earldom was awarded to him with the special addition that on his death priority should be given to any male descendants from his third marriage to Jane Boteler and then to his other male descendants. Since his third marriage remained childless, his eldest son from his first marriage inherited him as 2nd Earl in 1629. With the childless death of his youngest son from his first marriage, the 4th Earl, in 1679 all three titles expired.
The second bestowal of the title was created on April 9, 1689 for John Churchill, 1st Lord Churchill of Eyemouth in recognition of his support in the Glorious Revolution . His wife Sarah was a close friend and influential advisor to Queen Anne . On December 21, 1682 he was already in the Peerage of Scotland to Lord Churchill of Eyemouth , of Eyemouth in the County of Berwick, and on May 14, 1685 in the Peerage of England to Baron Churchill of Sandridge , of Sandridge in the County of Hertford, has been charged. After he had distinguished himself as a general in the War of the Spanish Succession , he was raised to Duke of Marlborough and Marquess of Blandford on December 14, 1702 in the Peerage of England . On April 28, 1704, Emperor Leopold I made him imperial prince and, after defeating the Bavarian and French troops in the Second Battle of Höchstädt together with Prince Eugene , on November 18, 1705, Prince of Mindelheim . When Mindelheim fell to the Electorate of Bavaria in 1713/14 , he was compensated with Nellenburg . Since the only son of the 1st Duke died on February 20, 1703, during his lifetime, the Duke obtained an Act of Parliament on December 21, 1706 with regard to his English title on a supplementary inheritance regulation. According to this, his titles belonging to the Peerage of England can also be inherited to female descendants in Primogenitur in the absence of male descendants . Accordingly, on his death on June 16, 1722, his eldest daughter Henrietta inherited his English title as 2nd Duchess, while his Roman-German and Scottish titles expired due to the lack of a male heir. The Earldom of Marlborough is still a subordinate title of the respective duke.
List of the Earls of Marlborough
Earls of Marlborough, first bestowal (1626)
- James Ley, 1st Earl of Marlborough (1552–1629)
- Henry Ley, 2nd Earl of Marlborough (1595–1638)
- James Ley, 3rd Earl of Marlborough (1618–1665)
- William Ley, 4th Earl of Marlborough (1612–1679)
Earls of Marlborough, second bestowal (1689)
- John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough , 1st Earl of Marlborough (1650-1722)
- Henrietta Churchill, 2nd Duchess of Marlborough , 2nd Earl of Marlborough (1681–1733)
- Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough , 3rd Earl of Marlborough (1706–1758)
- George Spencer, 4th Duke of Marlborough , 4th Earl of Marlborough (1739-1817)
- George Spencer-Churchill, 5th Duke of Marlborough , 5th Earl of Marlborough (1766–1840)
- George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough , 6th Earl of Marlborough (1793–1857)
- John Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough , 7th Earl of Marlborough (1822-1883)
- George Spencer-Churchill, 8th Duke of Marlborough , 8th Earl of Marlborough (1844-1892)
- Charles Spencer-Churchill, 9th Duke of Marlborough , 9th Earl of Marlborough (1871–1934)
- John Spencer-Churchill, 10th Duke of Marlborough , 10th Earl of Marlborough (1897–1972)
- John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough , 11th Earl of Marlborough (1926-2014)
- James Spencer-Churchill, 12th Duke of Marlborough , 12th Earl of Marlborough (* 1955)
The heir ( Heir apparent ) is the eldest son of the current title holder, George Spencer-Churchill, Marquess of Blandford (* 1992).
Web links
- Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages
- Marlborough, Earl of (E, 1626-1679) at Cracroft's Peerage
- Marlborough, Duke of (E, 1702) at Cracroft's Peerage