Mindelheim
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Coordinates: 48 ° 3 ' N , 10 ° 29' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Bavaria | |
| Administrative region : | Swabia | |
| County : | Unterallgäu | |
| Height : | 607 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 56.43 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 15,137 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 268 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 87719 | |
| Area code : | 08261 | |
| License plate : | MN | |
| Community key : | 09 7 78 173 | |
| City structure: | 19 parts of the community | |
City administration address : |
Maximilianstrasse 26 87719 Mindelheim |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Stephan Winter ( CSU ) | |
| Location of the city of Mindelheim in the Unterallgäu district | ||
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Mindelheim is a medium-sized center and the district town of the Unterallgäu district in Swabia . The ownership structure of the city changed several times in history. Among other things, it belonged to the father of the mercenaries Georg von Frundsberg and the Fuggers. It had been a Bavarian exclave in Swabian territory since 1606, before its surrounding area, consisting of imperial cities, imperial monasteries and counties, was incorporated into the Electorate of Bavaria from 1803 through mediatization after the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss . It was the seat of the former Mindelheim district and has been the seat of the Unterallgäu district, which was newly created as part of the regional reform in Bavaria , since 1972 .
geography
location
Mindelheim is located in Central Swabia on the eponymous river Mindel on the so-called Riedelback in the Bavarian Alpine foothills around 25 kilometers east of Memmingen and around 90 kilometers west of Munich .
Expansion of the urban area
The municipality has 19 officially named municipal parts (the type of settlement is given in brackets ):
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The urban area consists of the districts of Mindelheim, Gernstall, Heimenegg, Mindelau, Nassenbeuren, Oberauerbach, Unterauerbach and Westernach.
The settlements Ellisried , Heselwang and Laimgruben have gone .
history
Until the 18th century
The Mindelheimer Flur was already settled in pre-Christian times, as numerous grave finds prove. In the 6./7. In the 17th century, Alemannic farmers settled on the Mindel. The first church was founded in 858. Mindelheim was first mentioned in a document in 1046 and made a town around 1250.
Around 1370 Duke Friedrich von Teck came into the possession of the Mindelheim rule in a questionable manner. Nevertheless, he was able to claim it for himself and his family. When his son Ulrich von Teck died, a community of heirs consisting of Ludwig von Teck, Patriarch of Aquileja, his sister Irmengard von Rechberg and another sister who was married to a Count von Wertheim took over the rule. Since the inheritance claims were to pass to the children of the two sisters after the patriarch's death, the Rechberg children replaced the Wertheimers' claims as early as 1433. After the patriarch's death in 1439, the rule fell to the children of Irmengard - Bero I., Albrecht and Barbara von Rechberg, as agreed. The eldest son Bero I replaced his siblings' shares and became the sole owner of the estate in 1447. After his death in 1462, his two sons Bero II and Jörg II shared the paternal inheritance in 1464. Two years later the story repeated itself: Jörg sold his share to his brother, so that Bero II was again the sole owner in 1466. As such, he sold after a legal dispute with Emperor Friedrich III. the rule in July 1467 of his sister Barbara, his brother-in-law Ulrich von Frundsberg and his brother Hans.
Barbara's and Ulrich's descendants ruled the rule of Mindelheim until 1586, including their son Georg von Frundsberg , the father of the mercenaries . In 1591 Hans Fugger von Kirchheim acquired the rule, which passed to his son Christoph Fugger in 1598. But in 1616, Elector Maximilian of Bavaria occupied Mindelheim militarily and forced the surrender. The Fuggers were resigned.
Since 1616 and again since 1714, the rule, interrupted by the period of the imperial-royal interregnum from 1778 to 1780, belonged to the Munich Rent Office of the Electorate of Bavaria . From 1705 to 1714 the English general John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough , owned the newly created imperial principality of Mindelheim. Marlborough had received it from the German Kaiser for his service in the War of the Spanish Succession .
From 1800
In 1802/3 Mindelheim lost the extensive proprietary rights associated with municipal law in the course of administrative reforms. In 1804 an older Bavarian regional court was set up in Mindelheim . In the course of further administrative reforms in Bavaria , today's municipality was formed with the municipal edict of 1818 . The town hall was historically renovated in 1897 together with the bronze statue of Georg von Frundsberg . After the Second World War, new streets and districts slowly grew beyond the old city walls. As part of the regional reform in Bavaria , on July 1, 1972, the districts of Mindelheim and Memmingen (with the exception of two communities that were incorporated into the independent city of Memmingen) and the Babenhausen area of the district of Illertissen, the new district of Unterallgäu , based in Mindelheim . The Mindelheim district court , however, was dissolved.
Religions
| Roman Catholic | 9874 | 67.0% |
| Evangelical | 1764 | 12.0% |
| Others | 3104 | 21.0% |
Incorporations
The following municipalities were incorporated:
- Heimenegg (January 1, 1965)
- Gernstall (October 1, 1971)
- Unterauerbach and Westernach (January 1, 1976)
- Mindelau (July 1, 1976)
- Oberauerbach (January 1, 1978)
- Nassenbeuren (May 1, 1978)
Population development
Mindelheim grew by 2,135 inhabitants from 1988 to 2008, which corresponds to around 18%. Between 1988 and 2018, the population increased by 3,002 or 25%.
The population figures from 1840 onwards relate to today's municipality area (status: 1978).
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politics
City council
Stephan Winter (CSU) has been mayor since May 1, 2002; it was confirmed on March 15, 2020 with 82.9% of the vote for a further six years. In the 2014–2020 term of office, Hans Georg Wawra (Free Voters) and Roland Ahne (SPD) were his deputies.
According to the results of the local elections on March 15, 2020, the city council with 24 seats is as follows:
- CSU: 7 seats (30.0%)
- Free voters : 5 seats (21.8%)
- SPD : 4 seats (15.7%)
- Mindelheimer Bürgergemeinschaft : 3 seats (13.1%)
- Greens : 2 seats (9.8%)
- ÖDP : 2 seats (7.0%)
- AfD : 1 seat (2.4%)
In the 2014–2020 term of office, the city council was composed as follows:
- CSU: 9 seats of the Christian Social Union
- SPD : 4 seats of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
- FWF: 5 seats of the Free Voters Association
- MBG: 3 seats of the Mindelheimer Bürgergemeinschaft
- Greens : 2 seats of Alliance 90 - The Greens
- ÖDP : 1 seat of the Ecological Democratic Party
The districts of Gernstall with Unggenried, Heimenegg, Mindelau, Oberauerbach, Unterauerbach and Westernach each had a local representative.
coat of arms
Blazon : "A black bell with golden hoops and golden clapper floating in silver over blue waves."
The coat of arms can be traced back to around 1330. In the market regulation of 1337 it is already shown in the seal. It is the oldest municipal, historical coat of arms in the district. The drawing used today was created by Ernst Göhlert in 1963.
The water will indicate the Mindel that flows through the city. Mindelheim was originally the only market and town place in the entire domain. The bell played an important role for him. The start of the market was indicated by a bell sign. The councilors and citizens were called to meetings by the council bell on the town hall tower. The bell symbolizes the urban essence of Mindelheim. With this symbol the primacy of Mindelheim over the other places of rule was most appropriately marked.
The city of Mindelheim has white / blue as the colors. Today, however, black / yellow (= gold) are common. These are reminiscent of the dukes of Teck and the knights of Frundsberg, who were based in Tyrol (Schwaz).
flag
The flag is striped black and yellow with the city coat of arms.
Town twinning
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The partnership with the French town of Bourg-de-Péage has existed since July 9, 1961, making it Mindelheim's oldest town twinning. Bourg-de-Péage is located in the Drôme department in south-eastern France between Grenoble and Marseille . -
East Grinstead is a small town in southwest England with about 25,000 inhabitants and is located in West Sussex . This partnership between the two cities, approx. 1000 km apart, has existed since 1994. -
The Spanish city of Sant Feliu de Guíxols , which has been linked to Mindelheim with an official town twinning agreement since 1994 , is over 1200 km away . The friendly relations arose through the mutual French twin town of Bourg-de-Péage. -
The Austrian town of Schwaz is east of Innsbruck and has been a twin town since 1990. The relationship stems from the fact that the ancestors of Georg von Frundsberg, who was born on the Mindelburg , had their ancestral home on the Freundsburg castle above Schwaz. -
Tramin in South Tyrol (Italy) has been Mindelheim's partner village since 1994. The city of birth of the Gewürztraminer has a name worldwide thanks to the name of his most famous product. -
Another Italian town is on friendly terms with Mindelheim: Verbania on Lake Maggiore has been a twin town with around 31,000 inhabitants since 1994.
Culture and sights
Museums
The former Jesuit college has been home to a specialty museum for the Swabian district since 1986 , which also shows special exhibitions. The permanent exhibition contains four museums with completely different orientations:
- The Carl Millner Gallery is reminiscent of the landscape painter Carl Millner (1825–1895) who was born in Mindelheim . In the context of the Munich late romanticism and the Chiemsee painter , he specialized in alpine landscapes (especially the Bavarian Alps).
- The Swabian Crib Museum , opened in 1989, the development of the images to the birth and passion of Christ is in southern Germany. Since 1997, including every second year at Christmas time in a special exhibition, the winners are of the Unterallgäu and St. Luke Collection conferred St .-Lukas-Preis , which is awarded for artistic nativity scenes on four levels (pupils, handicapped people, lay people, artists).
- The Textile Museum of the Sandtner Foundation was founded in 1986 on the initiative of Hilda Sandtner , who donated her considerable private collection of textiles and art objects of all kinds to the city of Mindelheim. Together with the Swabian Nativity Museum and the South Swabian Archaeological Museum, it is jointly sponsored by the city of Mindelheim, the Unterallgäu district and the Swabian district. Since the Mindelheim museums took over sole care of the collection in 2003, the textile museum has been extensively redesigned. Three new departments are to present excerpts from the collections. The first new department with an overview of the development of women's fashion was opened in 2004. In 2006, the section on the history of spiritual vestments (vestments) followed with valuable exhibits from the Middle Ages to the present day . In 2008 the redesign was completed with the third department on home decor in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries.
- The South Swabian Archaeological Museum is a branch of the State Archaeological Collection and deals with the settlement and cultural history of Swabia from the Ice Age to the early Middle Ages at the time of the Alemanni. In addition to original finds, reconstructions, such as a Roman traveling wagon or a Roman bath, finds from the prehistoric metal ages, Roman way of life and evidence of early medieval life can be seen. One focus is the important long-distance traffic connections in what is now southern Swabia.
Other museums in Mindelheim:
- The local history museum was founded in 1903 and has been in the baroque rooms of the Franciscan convent of St. Cross since 1948 . Its extremely rich collections bring to life the history of the aristocratic city lords of Mindelheim as well as the history of the city with its bourgeois culture and rural environment. The visitor encounters evidence of church art from the 16th to the 19th century, folk art and trade . Traditional costumes , household items and documents of customs complete the picture.
- The Swabian Tower Clock Museum in the former New Year's Eve Chapel shows around 50 tower clocks from the period from 1562 to 1978, as well as numerous pocket watches, pendulum clocks, sundials and other watchmaking works. The museum, founded in 1979, presents the richest and oldest collection of its kind in Germany. A strange fascination emanates from the ticking, rattling, ringing or whistling clocks. Anyone who thinks that tower clocks are simply unappealing appliances will be taught better in view of their artistic design, technical finesse and mastery of craftsmanship.
Buildings
- The Mindelburg on the Georgenberg, the origin of which is unclear, was completely destroyed around 1305 and rebuilt under Duke Friedrich von Teck in 1370. Since then it has been the seat of the gentlemen from Mindelheim. Especially under Georg von Frundsberg , great court was held and distinguished guests were received: Emperor Maximilian I , Duke Francesco II. Sforza of Milan, Karl von Bourbon , Kaspar III. Winemakers , Paracelsus (he is said to have buried the Philosopher's Stone in the castle ), Johannes von Staupitz , Karl Münzerer and others. a. The castle now houses a printing press, which is why the interiors are not accessible. The castle grounds and keep offer a view of the city and the surrounding area. There used to be an escape tunnel from the Mindelburg to the town church, which was filled in.
- The town hall with a magnificent front and gable structure by Eugen Drollinger and the statue of Georg von Frundsberg dominates Marienplatz.
- The Church of the Annunciation , popularly known as the Jesuit Church, has its origins in 1263. With its excellent stucco work by Italian monks, it is a rococo gem. The baroque organ, refurbished and expanded by Rudolf Kubak from Augsburg, offers an impressive sound. During the Advent and Christmas season, visitors are drawn to the baroque Jesuit nativity scene with figures approx. 80 centimeters to one meter and a nativity scene from the monastery forest with numerous biblical scenes. It is a church without a steeple, which was saved because the church is directly adjacent to the 40 meter high Lower Gate . The bells hang directly on the choir roof of the church. In the immediate vicinity of the parish church of St. Stephan with its almost 70 meter high tower is the Franciscan convent of the Holy Cross , which escaped secularization at the time and has been in existence for over 550 years without interruption.
- The Upper Gate is a five-storey gate tower, also known as the Haberntor in 1337. With city clock and "poor sinners bell" on the outside. The roof with the oriel turrets gives the building its characteristic appearance, which dates back to around 1500. Every year for Carnival, the tower is disguised as the world's biggest carnival jester.
- The inlet gate , also known as the Westernacher Gate , was first mentioned in a document in 1469. It takes its name from the fact that late returnees used to come there for a fee even after the gates closed.
- Other towers, churches, chapels, monasteries and remnants of the city wall shape the medieval townscape. The tourist office offers guided tours with different focuses.
- About four kilometers east of the city is the St. Anna chapel, rebuilt in 1926 in Höselwang .
Regular events
Every three years (next date 2021) the Frundsbergfest , one of the largest historical festivals in Germany, takes place in Mindelheim's old town . It is held in honor of the knight and imperial field captain Georg von Frundsberg , who had his seat on the Mindelburg . The festival has 2500 participants; they wear historical costumes during the festival. Large pageants, old town festivals, camp life, theater and a tumult of battle frame the ten-day festival.
Every year on Ascension Day, the Landsknechte and maids of the Helfenstein Fähnstein celebrate the Helfensteiner Day.
In the Fasnet , in Mindelheim also known as Fasching due to the long association with Bavaria , Mindelheim celebrates. The 20 meter high upper gate is completely covered for this. The Durahansl , a harlequin figure , hangs here on the west side . On the east side you will find the wet nurse , the Narramuatr . In addition to the long -established Mindelheim carnival societies , there has also been the Durahaufa since 1992 , which is dedicated to the Swabian-Alemannic carnival .
The Mindelheimer Jazztage Jazzisch takes place in spring , at the end of May each year runners take part in the Mindelheimer Altstadtlauf.
economy
traffic
Mindelheim is connected to the regional road traffic via the A 96 Munich - Memmingen - Lindau , as well as the federal highway 16 Günzburg - Füssen . Furthermore, several state roads and district roads intersect . The station, which was rebuilt in 2007/2008, is on the one hand on the Augsburg - Memmingen - Lindau (KBS 971) line, and on the other hand it represents the end point of the Mittelschwabenbahn (KBS 978), which leads via Krumbach to Günzburg. The nearest airports are Memmingen Airport (28 km), Munich Airport (120 km) and Augsburg Airport (70 km). The Mindelheim-Mattsies airfield, which belongs to the Grob-Werke, is only about nine kilometers away, but not open to the public.
Bigger companies
The Grob-Werke , founded in 1926, are the largest employer in the city with over 4,800 employees (2019). With an area of over 180,000 square meters, the plants are also the largest consumer of space in Mindelheim. In the construction industry, the Xaver Riebel construction company , which was taken over by the Memmingen construction company Kutter in 2012, and the Glass construction company are located in the city. The Konrad Kleiner GmbH & Co. KG employs approximately 500 employees in südschwäbischen area. The shoe manufacturer Gabor AG operates a logistics center in the city.
Mindelheim traditionally has a low unemployment rate. In November 2017, it was 1.8% in the Mindelheim office.
media
The Mindelheimer Zeitung , a local edition of the Augsburger Allgemeine , is represented in the city with a daily newspaper. In addition, the Mindelheimer Wochenkurier , a local edition of the Memminger Kurier, reports as a weekly newspaper about what is happening on site. The local station hitradio.rt1 -Südschwaben, also based in Memmingen, can be heard as a local radio station.
Educational institutions
Mindelheim has a state primary school with branch offices in the Nassenbeuren district and in neighboring Stetten , there is also a state middle school, a special educational support center, the Maria Ward Realschule and the Maristenkolleg Mindelheim with a three-branch grammar school and a two-branch secondary school. The state vocational school Mindelheim with branch offices in Memmingen and Bad Wörishofen , with an attached technical school in the field of mechanical engineering, the agricultural school and the vocational school for nursing at the district clinic cover the vocational training area. There is also a municipal singing and music school and an adult education center.
Authorities
In addition to the district office of the Unterallgäu district, the city also has other state and municipal offices and authorities.
The jurisdiction is covered by the Memmingen District and Regional Court .
Personalities
Honorary citizen
sons and daughters of the town
Personalities associated with the city
- Erwin Neher (born March 20, 1944 in Landsberg am Lech ), Nobel Laureate, attended the Marist College in Mindelheim
Others
- The southernmost building in Germany is named after Mindelheim and, so to speak, the highest settlement in the city: The Mindelheimer Hütte (2058 m above sea level) in the Allgäu Alps near Oberstdorf .
- A digger pond and bathing lake north of the city is called - like the sea - the North Sea .
literature
- Friedrich Zoepfl : The history of the city of Mindelheim in Swabia . Schnell and Steiner, Munich 1948, ISBN 978-3-7954-1080-3 .
- Christian Schedler, Julia Beck: Mindelheim: City of culture and joie de vivre . Verlag Hans Högel, Mindelheim, ISBN 978-3-00-039404-1 .
Web links
- Museums in Mindelheim
- Entry on the coat of arms of Mindelheim in the database of the House of Bavarian History
- Mindelheim: Official statistics of the LfStat (PDF file; 1 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ^ Mindelheim community in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bavarian State Library, accessed on August 15, 2019.
- ↑ a b Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 524 .
- ↑ a b c d Federal Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 781 f .
- ↑ Second votes, according to the source www.wahlen.bayern.de, accessed on March 4, 2018
Mindelheim | Bergerhausen | Doldenhausen | Gernstall | Heimenegg | Hunter's Rest | Cat brain | Lohhof | Mindelau | Nassenbeuren | Oberauerbach | Saint Anna | Saint George | Unggenried | Unterauerbach | Lower brick hut | Bird houses | Weihermühle | Westernach | Wiesmühle
Amberg |
Apple trach |
Babenhausen |
Bad Grönenbach |
Bad Wörishofen |
Benningen |
Boars |
Boos |
Breitenbrunn |
Buxheim |
Dirlewang |
Egg an der Günz |
Eppishausen |
Erkheim |
Ettringen |
Fellheim |
Hawangen |
Heimertingen |
Holzgünz |
Kammlach |
Kettershausen |
Kirchhaslach |
Kirchheim in Swabia |
Kronburg |
Laughter |
Arbors |
Lautrach |
Legau |
Market Rettenbach |
Market forest |
Memmingerberg |
Mindelheim |
Niederrieden |
Oberrieden |
Oberschönegg |
Ottobeuren |
Pfaffenhausen |
Pleas |
Rammingen |
Salgae |
Sontheim |
Stetten |
Trunkelsberg |
Türkheim |
Tussenhausen |
Ungerhausen |
Unteregg |
Westerheim |
Wiedergeltingen |
Winter peace |
Wolfertschwenden |
Woringen
Municipality-free area in the district of Unterallgäu
Ungerhauser Wald