Earl of Cambridge
Earl of Cambridge was a hereditary British title of nobility awarded seven times in the Peerage of England . From the second award onwards, the title was bestowed on members of the English royal family, and on the fourth award on members of the Scottish royal family. The title is named after the English city of Cambridge .
Awards
The title was first used on May 7, 1340 by King Edward III. awarded to the German nobleman Wilhelm I, Margrave of Jülich . The title was withdrawn from him in 1361 at the latest, so that he could not bequeath it. On November 13, 1362, Edward III. the title to his fifth son, Edmund of Langley , whom he also raised to Duke of York on August 6, 1385 . His son, the 2nd Duke, renounced the earl title in 1414, which was conferred on May 1, 1414 in the third award of his younger brother Richard of Conisburgh . He was executed on August 5, 1415 for high treason and the title stripped from him. It was not restored until 1426 for his son Richard , who in 1415 had also inherited the title of 3rd Duke of York. His son, the 4th Duke, was crowned King of England as Edward IV in 1461, as a result of which his title became extinguished by merging with the crown.
In the fourth award, the title was recreated on June 16, 1619, along with the subordinate title Baron of Innerdale for James Hamilton, 2nd Marquess of Hamilton . At that time he was sixth in the Scottish line of succession, his grandfather James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran , was heir presumptive of and regent for Queen Mary of Scotland . He was 2nd Marquess of Hamilton since 1604 and 4th Earl of Arran since 1609 . His son, the 2nd Earl , was made Duke of Hamilton in 1643 . When his son, the 2nd Duke , died in 1651, the Cambridge Earldom went out.
On May 13, 1659 the title was bestowed in the fifth bestowal on Henry Stuart , the third son of King Charles I , along with the parent title Duke of Gloucester . The titles expired when he died childless in 1660.
In the sixth award, the title was newly created on August 23, 1664 for James Stuart , the second son of King Jacob II . The earliest dignity was bestowed on him along with the titles of Duke of Cambridge and Baron of Dauntsey . The titles expired when he died on June 20, 1667 at the age of only three years. The same three titles were then on October 7, 1667, his younger brother Edgar Stuart , the fourth son of King James II. He also died at the age of three on June 8, 1671, so that the title expired.
List of the Earls of Cambridge
Earls of Cambridge, first bestowal (1340)
- Wilhelm von Jülich, 1st Earl of Cambridge (1299-1361)
Earls of Cambridge, second bestowal (1362)
- Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York , 1st Earl of Cambridge (1341–1402)
- Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York , 2nd Earl of Cambridge (1373–1415) (title waiver 1414)
Earls of Cambridge, third bestowal (1414)
- Richard of Conisburgh, 1st Earl of Cambridge (1375-1415), (title forfeited 1415)
- Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York , 2nd Earl of Cambridge (1412-1460) (title restored 1426)
- Edward Plantagenet, 4th Duke of York , 3rd Earl of Cambridge (1442–1483) (united with the Crown in 1461)
Earls of Cambridge, fourth award (1619)
- James Hamilton, 2nd Marquess of Hamilton , 1st Earl of Cambridge (1589-1625)
- James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton , 2nd Earl of Cambridge (1606–1649)
- William Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Hamilton , 3rd Earl of Cambridge (1616–1651)
Earls of Cambridge, fifth bestowal (1659)
- Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester , Earl of Cambridge (1640-1660)
Earls of Cambridge, sixth bestowal (1664)
- James Stuart, Duke of Cambridge , Earl of Cambridge (1663-1667)
Earls of Cambridge, seventh bestowal (1667)
- Edgar Stuart, Duke of Cambridge , Earl of Cambridge (1667–1671)