Advisory State Assembly (Thuringia)
The Consultative State Assembly of Thuringia was an appointed pre-parliament in the re-created Land of Thuringia , corresponding to the appointed state parliaments of the other countries.
In order to enable the rebuilding of the state order after the Second World War in the countries of the Soviet occupation zone in the sense of building socialism , the Consultative State Assembly was convened on June 13, 1946 in Thuringia by the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD).
According to the Potsdam Agreement of August 2, 1945, this Consultative Assembly was replaced in 1946 by the Thuringian Landtag elected in the 1946 state elections .
Procedure and principles
The Potsdam Agreement of August 2, 1945 was a first important basis for the establishment of new political structures . This envisaged the restoration of local self-government, but also of electoral representations at municipal, district, provincial and state level.
The establishment of the state structures after the collapse took place from the municipal level through the state level and finally at the level of the GDR .
On July 9, 1945, the SMAD ordered the establishment of the states of Mecklenburg, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt as well as the provinces of Brandenburg and Thuringia within the SBZ. The law of June 12, 1946 formed the basis for the establishment of the Thuringian Regional Advisory Assembly.
The selection of the members anticipated essential principles of the state elections according to unit lists:
- The SED's claim to a leading role was ensured by the appointment of a majority of SED members.
- Most of these members of the SED did not formally join the Consultative Assembly in the name of the SED, but of the mass organizations .
- The distribution of the 69 mandates between parties and mass organizations was determined in advance.
- Effective opposition work should be prevented.
The parties SED , LDPD and CDU could each nominate ten members. The remaining members were provided by the mass organizations FDGB , VdgB , FDJ , Frauenbund , the chambers of industry and commerce (IHK) and chambers of crafts . State President Rudolf Paul himself was able to nominate twelve members , including the future President of the advisory state assembly, Richard Lange .
Compared to the other advisory assemblies in the countries of the Soviet occupation zone, the Thuringia Regional Advisory Assembly met more than average with five sessions and was able to exert a limited influence on politics.
From the fourth session on August 15, 1946, the Consultative State Assembly was called the "Thuringian State Assembly".
Distribution of mandates
The Consultative State Assembly in Thuringia had 69 members: ten members each of the SED , the CDU , the LDPD and the Free German Trade Union Federation , five members of the Association of Mutual Farmers Aid and three representatives each from the FDJ , the women's committees , the Chamber of Industry and Commerce and the Chamber of Crafts . In addition, twelve other members were appointed by the state president at the suggestion of the parties (individual personalities). These were outstanding personalities from public life, "who have demonstrated their decidedly anti-fascist and democratic sentiments through their previous attitude and activities and who guarantee that they will promote the democratic rebuilding with all their might."
| Political party | Seats |
|---|---|
| SED | 10 mandates |
| CDU | 10 mandates |
| LDPD | 10 mandates |
| FDGB | 10 mandates |
| VdgB | 5 mandates |
| FDJ | 3 mandates |
| Women's committees | 3 mandates |
| IHK | 3 mandates |
| Chambers of Commerce | 3 mandates |
| Individual personalities | 12 mandates |
job
The consultative assembly held five meetings. At the constituent meeting on June 26, 1946, the following presidium was elected under the leadership of the senior president Ricarda Huch :
- President: Richard Lange (independent)
- Vice President: August Frölich (SED)
Six committees have been set up; At the fourth meeting on August 15, 1946, an agricultural policy and a food management committee were formed:
| Committee | member | Political party |
|---|---|---|
| Main committee | Richard Eyermann | (SED) |
| Friederike Mulert | LDPD | |
| Walther Rücker | CDU | |
| Willi Albrecht | FDGB (also SED) | |
| Georg Lotz | VdgB | |
| Kurt Gronwald | IHK | |
| Barthelmös (Erfurt) | Chambers of Crafts | |
| Ernst Horn | FdJ (also SED) | |
| Kuhl (Saalfeld) | Women | |
| Alphons Gaertner (Weimar) | Individual Personality (LDPD) | |
| Rules of Procedure Committee | Walther | CDU |
| August Frölich | SED | |
| Karl Haeser | LDPD | |
| Kroneberg (Mulhouse) | FDGB | |
| Sauerbrei (Hümpfershausen) | VdgB | |
| Kurt Gronwald | IHK | |
| Karl Erle (Weimar) | Individual personality (SED) | |
| Legislative Committee | Otto Möller (Sonneberg) | LDPD |
| Herrmann (Sonneberg) | SED | |
| Karl Haeser | LDPD | |
| Walter Kröner | CDU | |
| Kott (Arnstadt) | FDGB | |
| Kurt Gronwald | IHK | |
| Barthelmös (Erfurt) | Chambers of Crafts | |
| Richard Lange (Jena) | Individual personality | |
| Budget and Finance Committee | Richard Eyermann | SED |
| Friedrich Schomerus | Individual Personality (LDPD) | |
| Witschek (Altenburg) | CDU | |
| Fisherman (Merkers) | FDGB | |
| Bohr (Saalfeld) | VdgB | |
| Grains (Gera) | IHK | |
| Blow (Gera) | Chambers of Crafts | |
| Economic and Social Policy Committee | August Kunze | FDGB |
| Richard Eyermann | SED | |
| Karl Hamann | LDPD | |
| Hugo Dornhofer | CDU | |
| Mrs. Raetke | VdgB | |
| Grains (Gera) | IHK | |
| Culture committee | Curator Max Bense | Individual personality |
| Hermann Henselmann | Individual personality (SED) | |
| Mrs. von Massow (Weimar) | LDPD | |
| Pastor Johannes Mebus | CDU | |
| Mrs. Riemer (Meiningen) | FDGB | |
| Mrs. Weise (Frankendorf) | VdgB | |
| Mrs. Göpel (Eisenach) | FDJ | |
| Mrs. Kuhl (Saalfeld) | Women |
For the members of the advisory state assembly see: List of members of the advisory state assembly (Thuringia)
Varia
A quote from the writer and historian Ricarda Huch from her time as senior president of the Thuringian Advisory State Assembly adorns the Parliament in Erfurt today: Anyone entering the Thuringian State Parliament through the original entrance on Arnstädter Strasse will find her words from June 12, 1946 in the foyer, which act like a dedication: "Let the state of Thuringia never again set these stars in the changing events: the law, freedom and peace."
swell
- The list of members is based on the evaluation of the state parliament's meeting minutes. However, these do not contain a list of representatives
- Martin Broszat , Gerhard Braas, Hermann Weber : SBZ manual. 1993, ISBN 3-486-55262-7 .
- Karl-Heinz Hajna: The state elections in 1946 in the SBZ, Frankfurt 2000, pages 15-17
literature
- V. Koch: Representative bodies in the Soviet Zone: The Consultative Assemblies (1946) between representation and mass mobilization; in: Journal for Parliamentary Issues, Issue 1/1984
Individual evidence
- ↑ Law on the formation of advisory bodies for self-government in the state of Thuringia
- ^ SBZ manual, page 325
- ↑ a b c d e Name of the person from: Herbert Gottwald (Ed.): Der Thüringer Landtag 1946–1952. A political breakdown . 1st edition. Wartburg-Verlag, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-86160-505-8 . P. 13.
- ^ SBZ manual, page 177
- ↑ Herbert Gottwald (ed.): The Thuringian Parliament 1946–1952. A political breakdown . 1st edition. Wartburg-Verlag, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-86160-505-8 . P. 12f.
- ↑ SBZ manual, page 322
- ↑ Herbert Gottwald (ed.): The Thuringian Parliament 1946–1952. A political breakdown. 1st edition. Wartburg-Verlag, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-86160-505-8 . P. 15
- ↑ a b Herbert Gottwald (ed.): The Thuringian Parliament 1946–1952. A political breakdown . 1st edition. Wartburg-Verlag, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-86160-505-8 . P. 13.
- ↑ Stenographic report of the second meeting of the Thuringian Provincial Consultative Assembly on July 24, 1946 in Weimar
- ↑ P. 240 in: Holger Zürch : With free people on free ground. 15 years of the Thuringian Parliament in retrospect, former MPs from the founding years in the Free State of Thuringia. Leipzig 2006, ISBN 978-3-939404-01-9 . Proof: German National Library
- ↑ Files and negotiations of the Thuringian Parliament 1946–1952, reprint 1992, ISBN 3-8051-0090-6