Mountain blacksmiths

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Bergschmiede of the Markus Röhling treasure trove
Bergschmiede of the old murder pit

A mountain blacksmith's shop , also known as a mountain blacksmith's shop , is a building in which the blacksmithing work involved in mining is carried out. The mining industry is subject to mining law . The landowner on whose land the mountain smithy is built is called the mountain smith landlord .

Basics

As a result of the mining work, the used tack is worn out and blunt or it is damaged. Then it has to be professionally processed again. To do this, the tough must be forged, hardened and sharpened. All of this work is carried out in the mountain smithy by a mountain blacksmith . The tusks bring their worn toughness to the mountain forge and hand them over there for reworking. You will receive a stamp with a number for this. The miner delivers the repaired toughness to the miner's hatman , who hands the respective toughness back to the respective tuscher in return for the stamp. In addition to forging tools, other forging work is often carried out. Machine parts are also reworked or newly manufactured in the mountain forge.

construction

The mountain forge had to be built from refractory materials. It could be built from stones or half-timbered. The forge had to be built in such a way that there was sufficient light in it to do the work that had to be done. The smithy was equipped with one or two meals , depending on the size of the company . There were also large mountain blacksmiths that were equipped with up to six double meals. There had to be a chamber on the lower floor in which the iron could be stored. The mountain blacksmith usually had an apartment for the mountain blacksmith on the upper floor. The mountain forge had to be built in a place where it could least harm third parties.

Legal Status

The mountain forge was subject to mining law. That meant they muted be had and then after checks awarded was. The operator of the mountain smithy had to keep this constructional. If the mountain forge was not maintained by its operator as a building, it fell into the mountain free . The mining operators of a district who are connected to the mining forge were obliged to have all blacksmithing work done at the respective mining forge for a fee set by the mining office . In some mountain areas , e.g. B. in Freiberg mining district, it was also possible for each union to operate its own mining forge. However, this was only of use to the mine operator if there was sufficient forging work on their mine. A mine operator was able to ensure the buildability of the mountain forge, even if he had not yet built it. For this he had to pile several stones on top of each other at the place where the forge was to be built. In addition, the mine operator had to inform the mining authority in writing that he was willing to set up the smithy at the point where the stone pile is located. If a mountain forge should be built on foreign land, this was possible through a court order. The landlord, on whose land a mountain forge was to be built, had to authorize the building by court order. However, he received a settlement determined by the court for this transfer.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Carl Hartmann: Concise dictionary of the mountain, hut and Salt works, along with the French synonymy and a French register . First AK department, printed and published by Bernhard Friedrich Voigt, Ilmenau 1825, p. 101.
  2. ^ A b c d Carl Friedrich Richter: Latest mountain and hut lexicon . First volume, Kleefeldsche Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1805, pp. 114–115.
  3. ^ A b c Heinrich Veith: German mountain dictionary with evidence . Published by Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn, Breslau 1871, p. 88.
  4. ↑ a b H. A. Pierer (Ed.): Universal Lexikon or complete encyclopedic dictionary . Third volume, Barri bis Bo, Literatur Comptoir, Altenburg 1835, p. 309.
  5. ^ A b c d e Christian Ludwig Stieglitz: Encyclopedia of bourgeois architecture, in which all subjects of this art are dealt with in alphabetical order . Zweyter Theil EJ, bey Caspar Fritsch, Leipzig 1794, pp. 546-549.
  6. ↑ a b c d F. Mohs: Collection of mineralogical and mining treatises . First volume, Camesinaische Buchhandlung, Vienna 1804, pp. 255–256.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f Swen Rinmann: General mining dictionary . First part, contains A bis Berg, Fr. Chr. W. Vogel, Leipzig 1808, pp. 723-724.
  8. ↑ a b c d Johann Samuel Schröter: Mineral and mining dictionary on frames, words and things from mineralogy and mining science . First volume, from A to Berg, by Barrentrapp and Wenner, Frankfurt am Main 1789, pp. 436–437.

Remarks

  1. ↑ As bauhaft is known in mining a building or mining operations when it is in good condition. (Source: Heinrich Veith: German Mountain Dictionary with evidence .)