Bertrand L. Goldschmidt

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Bertrand L. Goldschmidt (born November 2, 1912 in Paris ; † June 11, 2002 there ) was a French chemist .

Life

Goldschmidt studied in Paris at the Ecole de Physique et de Chimie , and began his scientific career in 1933 at the Institut du Radium as personal assistant to Marie Curie , where he received his doctorate and worked until 1940.

During the Second World War he was involved in the Manhattan Project as a member of the Free French and a member of the British team ; in the summer of 1942 he worked in the group of Glenn T. Seaborg at the Metallurgical Laboratory of the University of Chicago on the extraction of plutonium from uranium . As a result, he headed the chemical department of an Anglo-Canadian project from the beginning, first in Montreal, then in the Chalk River Laboratories . In the course of the work, he was able to register, together with Thomas J. Hardwick and Leslie G. Cook, the Canadian patent CA 586958 for the separation of plutonium and other fission products from uranium, which was granted on November 10, 1959. In 1946 he returned to France.

In 1946 he was one of the founders of the French atomic regulatory authority Commissariat à l'énergie atomique , where he headed the chemistry department until 1959. He has published several papers on the history of the development of nuclear energy . From 1955 to 1958 he was Vice President of Euratom . In 1956 he headed the French delegation at the founding conference of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), together with the Swiss representative August R. Lindt , he formulated the ultimately accepted version of Article XII of the IAEA Charter, which deals with safety measures. From 1957 to 1980 he represented France as one of the five permanent representatives on the Board of Governors of the IAEA, and in 1980 he was its chairman. He was also a member of the Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) of the IAEA and, from 1957 to 1970, the United Nations Scientific Advisory Committee of the UN Secretary General .

Goldschmidt mainly dealt with nuclear chemistry , the technology for producing plutonium and the history of nuclear energy .

Awards

On November 14, 1967, he was awarded the Atoms for Peace Award together with Wilfrid Bennett Lewis and Isidor Isaac Rabi .

In 1973 he received the Grand Decoration of Honor in Gold for services to the Republic of Austria .

bibliography

  • Conclusion sur bikini , Atomes N ° 9, December 1946
  • La purification de l'uranium , Atomes N ° 15, February 1949
  • L'aventure atomique , Fayard , 1962
  • Le cycle de l'uranium , Atomes N ° 85, avril 1953 (Special Le center atomique de Saclay)
  • Les rivalités atomiques 1939-1966 , Fayard , 1967
  • Le Complexe atomique: Histoire politique de l'énergie nucléaire , Fayard , 1980
  • Les premiers milligrammes de plutonium , La Recherche N ° 131, March 1982
  • Pionniers de l'atome , Stock , 2001

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Patent CA 586958 on brevets-patents.ic.gc.ca (English)
  2. ↑ How it All Began in Canada - The Role of the French Scientists Bertrand Goldschmidt , conference paper 50 Years of Nuclear Fission in Review at the 10th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Nuclear Society on June 5, 1989 in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, on cns-snc .ca, accessed December 14, 2009
  3. ↑ IAEA Bulletin 134  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF, English; 369 kB)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.iaea.org  
  4. ↑ List of all decorations awarded by the Federal President for services to the Republic of Austria from 1952 (PDF; 6.9 MB)

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Goldschmidt, Bertrand L.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French chemist, atomic physicist and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH November 2, 1912
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH June 11, 2002
Place of death Paris