Beehive front board

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Painted beehives on the beehives in an apiary

Beehive front boards , beehive boards or beehive boards are painted boards over the flight openings of beehives , as they occurred in Upper Carniola , parts of Carinthia and western Lower Styria up to the early 20th century.

Its practical purpose was to make it easier to distinguish between beehives - on the one hand for the bees , on the other hand for the beekeeper . The popular devotion wrote them a protective effect. Biblical stories, historical events, scenes from everyday life and satirical representations served as motifs.

history

Painted beehive on the front of a beehive

In the Carniola and Carinthia, horizontal hives of the Krainer Bauernstock type were common as beehives. These are deep, lug-shaped wooden boxes with a comparatively small front board that can be removed as a whole. In the 18th century, in that part of what was then the Slovene-speaking area, the custom arose to decorate the front boards with rural paintings . The oldest dated painted beehive comes from 1758. The high point of this work was the period 1820–1880. The custom ended around the time of the First World War . It is estimated that a total of two thousand boards with six hundred motifs were created over the years. Linseed oil paints with earth pigments were used for painting because of their durability. After they lost their importance as a useful object, the boards that have been preserved are increasingly valued as folk art and copies are offered for sale as souvenirs.

Exhibitions

Exhibitions exist in the following museums:

Artist

Artists known to paint beehives include:

supporting documents

  1. ↑ a b Let's get to know our beekeeping tradition. Slovenian Beekeeping Association ( Memento from November 18, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).
  2. ↑ a b c Beekeeping in Slovenia. In: Bees current. No. 39, December 2005, pp. 6–7: "At the time of superstition [sic!] It was hoped that these pictures would keep the bee colonies free from witchcraft magic."
  3. ↑ Front boards of beehives of the 18th and 19th centuries. Exhibition in the Dahlem domain , 2000. In: kunst-und-kultur.de. Retrieved March 2, 2014 .
  4. ↑ Beehive front board, 1869 (ÖMV / 17.691). Austrian Museum of Folklore, accessed on October 26, 2017 .
  5. ↑ Pernhart, Marko (1824–1871). Retrieved on April 20, 2015 : “Zgodaj se mu je zbudilo veselje do slikanja; začel je slikati skrinje in končnice na panjih in na celovški trg nosil pestro poslikane tičnice in slike smešne vsebine, svoje izdelke. "

Web links

Commons : Beehive Front Board  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files