Bilander
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The Bilander (also Billander , from ndl. Binnenlander - inner countries) was a two-masted wooden sailing ship of Dutch origin from the 17th and 18th centuries. The hull was plump and clinkered , the bow was round, the rudder laid out with a tiller . It had bowsprit with bowsprit , a square-rigged foremast with three square sails - foresail, on mars sail and on topgallants as the Schnau - and one to two headsails . The mainmast but wore instead of a Großrahsegels (or large gaffel sail like a Brigantine ) a long, heavy rod with a lateen as mainsail. Mainsails and mainsail sails were again designed as square sails. The Bilander's Latin mainsail was considered difficult to handle, the rod carried the flag on the upper nock. It was usually measured under 100 GRT and usually drove in the coastal area, mainly as a cargo ship to the North Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, as well as in the interior of the Netherlands (North and South Holland, Zeudersee (today IJsselmeer )). Bilander was still in use in the Netherlands at the end of the 18th century. The 18th century French Bilander Olivier completed a transatlantic voyage with passengers to Charleston and Philadelphia in 1735 and was shipwrecked off Virginia on his second voyage to North America.