Bishop (drink)
The bishop (also: bishop; sometimes with the addition of a hot bishop) is one of the punch drinks. The name is most likely derived from the red color of the drink.
preparation
For the preparation, the fine green (to yellow) peel of fresh green or yellow bitter oranges is mixed with sugar and poured with red wine . Two to three bitter oranges are expected per bottle of wine. The red wine should steep for at least ten to twelve hours. Then the approach can be sweetened with sugar . To use the drink as punch extract , it is strained through a cheesecloth and bottled.
In the 19th century, the drink was made from oranges that were heated over glowing coals until the skin was black. The oranges were poured with red wine in an earthen pot, seasoned with sugar, cinnamon and nutmeg and covered in warm ashes for a few hours.
The drink in literature
In 1763 Johann Matthias Dreyer published anynom Schöne Spielwerke for Wein, Punsch, Bischof and Krambambuli in Hamburg . There were 216 sayings and toasts that Dreyer had not written alone and that met with great national approval. Johann Melchior Goeze then intervened with the City Council of Hamburg. Among other things, he took offense at the verse "Drink here as much as you can, do what the meat tells you; / There you have no thirst, there you are pure spirit." The Hamburg council then decided on September 14, 1763 that an executioner should tear up the writing.
In his collective review of Hamann, Moses Mendelssohn compares the treatment of religion with the drinking of a bishop or cardinal : “Most people consider religion, with a view to the soul, to be precisely what strengthens the stomach. Many people seem to agree that one must warm the stomach in order to strengthen it. A great many elderly gentlemen help themselves to this, fine warm dogmatic soups, which they enjoy plentifully for breakfast, lunch and dinner. For some time now, a species of fiery youth has been getting up [...] to give their stomach strength [...] they use hot drinks. You are constantly drinking punch, bishop and cardinal [...] "
Johann Heinrich Voss reports in his rural poem in three idylls under the title Luise (first version 1795), of "Porcelain bowl, shaped like a purple head of cabbage, which the father filled with warming punch and Bishop." The drink itself is also described, because the landlady Luise says to Susanna: “I'm going to go down to the cellar and get wine, bitter oranges and our purple head of cabbage from Bishop Rothen. There's enough sugar in the room; and you know the rest. "
In his Musenalmanach from 1797 under the heading The Eighth Bishop, a long round song set to music by Johann Abraham Peter Schulz is printed. A reader unaware of the ambiguity of the word bishop would not be able to understand its true meaning. After the choir sings the words No! but all religion stands no constitution has repeated the cantor:
But ours, brothers, will stand!
We found the real one here!
We let go of
the bad without remorse .
In your diocese, bishop! here,
what France is looking for, we found.
and the chorus join in:
Yes bishop! in the bishopric here,
what France is looking for, we found.
The Danish poet Jens Immanuel Baggesen wrote this bishop's song in Danish in 1792 for a friendly society in Copenhagen and left the German transmission to his Hamburg friends and fellow diocesan supporters in the bishop's bowl as a gift.
In Carl Arnold Kortum's Jobsiade (1784) the stanza of Hieronimus can be found in the examination of the candidate Jobs'.
A bishop is, I think,
a very pleasant drink made of
red wine, sugar and
bitter orange juice, and it warms and strengthens with great strength.
The writer Thomas Mann mentions the drink in the Buddenbrooks : Sesemi Weichbrodt , where the Buddenbrooks children are retired several times , often and especially on festive occasions serves Bischoff , "a red and sweet punch that was drunk cold".
Theodor Storm mentions the drink in the story Marthe and her watch .
The English variant Smoking Bishop is mentioned in the work A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens .
Vessels
Since 1722 (Copenhagen faience manufactory) and especially in the second half of the 18th century, special faience vessels for the bishop in the shape of a miter were made in northern Germany and Denmark . In these, the wall of the wide jar runs upwards in a triangular manner on the two main sides. They are available with and without a lid. One of the well-known examples is the Kieler Bischofsmütze from the Kiel faience factory , which can be seen in the Hamburg Museum of Art and Crafts , as well as another from Copenhagen.
literature
- Anynom ( Johann Matthias Dreyer ): Beautiful toys for wine, punch, bishop, and Krambambuli, in Hamburg. Hamburg and Leipzig 1763 ( digitized version ), Bavarian State Library
- Bettina Zöller-Stock: Drinking to ridicule the episcopate. The bishop's bowl. In: Gerhard Gerkens , Antjekathrin Graßmann (Hrsg.): Lust and burden of drinking in Lübeck. Contributions to the phenomenon from the Middle Ages to the 19th century. Lübeck 1996, pp. 135-140; Recipe on p. 190f.
- Hans Wentzel: Bishop's hat (3) . In: Reallexikon zur Deutschen Kunstgeschichte , Vol. 2, Col. 783 f.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Robert Habs, Leopold Ros: Appetit-Lexikon . Badenweiler 1997 (reprint of the original edition Vienna 1894), article Bischof , p. 48
- Jump up ↑ Source: Allgemeine Deutsche Bibliothek, 1775, Vol. 24, 1st piece, pp. 287–296.
- ^ According to: Yearbook of the Hamburg Scientific Institutions , Volume 14 (1897), S. LXXI.
- ↑ Figure in the article Beginnings of the Kiel Fayencemanufaktur ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
