Girls boarding school
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As a finishing school , higher school for girls , daughters Institute or Töchterpensionat is known since the 18th century an educational institution ( boarding school ) for girls, mostly connected to its own Pensionatsschule. In addition to the girls 'boarding schools, there were also boarding schools for boys, which were called boarding schools (boys' boarding schools), although much less frequently.
history
The name is derived from the boarding allowance (the "pension") that the parents of a boarding pupil had to pay for the private educational institute. Because of this school fee, the girls' boarding school was an option especially for higher-income families and was used as an alternative to public schools. Religious considerations, such as the parents' desire to raise their daughters in a Catholic or Protestant spirit, sometimes led to placement in an area with a corresponding denominational majority, or in an area in which the educational institutions were not secularized . Until well into the 20th century, parents in France sent their children to the strictly Roman Catholic Swiss canton of Friborg . The visit to a Freiburg boarding school from German-speaking Switzerland often took place as a French -speaking year . Last but not least, girls' boarding schools were also stamping sites of the elitist self-confidence of the “girls from the family” in the professional society of the 19th century.
Thematization in the literature
The novel Julchen Grünthal is an early literary thematization of the boarding system in German . A pension history (1784, expanded 1798) by Friederike Helene Unger . The boarding school stories of girls' literature , which are still popular today , B. Emmy of Rhodens novel The Trotzkopf (1885) or Marie Louise Fischer Ulrike - Trilogy (published until 1963-65, but the boarding action is at times like that) originated within the German-language literature in its "classic" Nature as a literary genre in time around 1900, when attending a girls' boarding school was part of the standard biography of the “ senior daughter ”. Thomas Mann gives a lovingly humorous depiction of boarding school life for girls in his Buddenbrooks (1901) when Tony Buddenbrook's boarding school years were described. A critical examination of the institution boarding provides the play Knight Nerestan (1930, also titled Yesterday and today , 1931) by Christa Winsloe , under the title girl in uniform has been filmed several times and from a novelization (initially under the title The girl Manuela , 1933, then under that of the film) appeared, as well as the story The blissful years of chastisement by Fleur Jaeggy (1989).
Examples
See also
literature
- Klaus Johann: Limit and stop. The individual in the “House of Rules”. On German-language boarding school literature (= contributions to recent literary history , volume 201). Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 2003, ISBN 3-8253-1599-1 , chapter Girls Boarding Schools in Literature: Gender Limits , pp. 480–509 (dissertation University of Münster 2002, 727 pages).
- Gisela Wilkending: The bourgeois family model as reflected in the 'classic' pension history. In: Hans-Heino Ewers, Inge Wild (ed.): Family scenes. The representation of family childhood in children's and youth literature. Juventa, Weinheim / Munich 1999, ISBN 3-7799-0450-0 , pp. 41-61 (youth literature - theory and practice) .
- Gisela Wilkending: The pension history as a paradigm of traditional girls' literature. In: Hiltrud Gnüg, Renate Möhrmann: Women Literature History. Writing women from the Middle Ages to the present. 2nd, completely revised and enlarged edition. Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 1999, ISBN 3-476-01543-2 , pp. 104-116.
