kk Civil Girls Pensionat Vienna
In the kk civil girls' boarding school , which was founded in Vienna in 1786 , girls were trained as educators and teachers.
This boarding school was founded on the basis of a petition dated January 29, 1786 from Madame Luzac, née Chaplin, daughter of the personal physician of the Duke of Orléans, to Emperor Joseph II , in which she asked for protection and support for her project.
Prehistory and planning
She offered to raise twelve girls and train them to be teachers. She herself wanted to take on the practical part of the training ("education of the heart and mind" as well as French , description of the earth , profane history and work necessary for the female gender), a normal teacher (pedagogue) should teach the girls in the relevant subjects.
She did not ask for payment (“reward”), the state should only pay the normal teacher and the dance master and provide a free apartment - perhaps in a suburb .
Emperor Joseph II supported this proposal because, in his opinion, the French language was too rampant and he wanted to push back the teachers brought from France - "not always moral characters" - and sent it on to Count Kolowrat with the resolution: " This person seems to have abilities, it is only to suggest how this intention can be achieved and how it can become more of his suggestion ”.
The Study Farm Commission also supported Luzac's project. An institute for 30 girls was proposed , which should be financed from unoccupied monastery places . The accommodation should be in a dissolved monastery .
Joseph II was not satisfied with the quality of these proposals, they were not polished enough for him and so he sent them back.
The new proposals included the following points, among others:
- Daughters of lower officers or civil servants should be accepted, but the main requirement for acceptance should be skills.
- The diet should be simple. No drink other than water should be permitted.
- Clothing should be simple and clean. Anything called " plaster " should be removed.
- 20 students with an entry age of 10 to 12 years should be accepted. They should stay at the institute for eight to ten years and be trained.
- The monastery of St. Ursula in Annagasse in Vienna was suggested as the accommodation location for the institute .
On May 29, 1786, Joseph II approved the establishment of the institute.
- The age of the girls should only be 12 years at the beginning, later the starting age should be reduced to seven to eight years.
- They should be accepted as pen pupils (pen seat) or pay pupils (pay seat).
- For the recording was not a state or class prescribed important were the physical and moral qualities. A probationary year should be decisive. The appointment and confirmation of admission was reserved for the emperor.
The diet was also regulated.
-
Breakfast:
- Winter: soup
- Summer: bread roll with fruit
- Lunch: soup; Beef with broth ; open, green and fried dishes with salad .
- Snack : dry bread rolls
- Dinner: soup, vegetables, preserves
Four dishes for lunch were the studies Courtyard Commission too much and after Gerard van Swieten view offered the snack cause for sweet tooth . The emperor still allowed the girls the rolls.
The only known change in the menu took place in 1815:
- Breakfast : cooked meat soup with two rolls
- Lunchtime : on meat days soup, beef and vegetables (Tuesday and Thursday a fourth dish); on fast days soup, vegetables, pastries, two rolls. Sundays and public holidays: in addition to the usual roast.
- Snack : two rolls
- In the evening : soup, a second dish, two rolls
- Patients in the sickroom were allowed to eat whatever the doctor prescribed.
School operation
The fact that complaints about Madame Luzac were repeatedly brought to the emperor - even if these could often and in part be refuted - first prompted him to write a strict warning letter (she should deal more with her students than her husband, keep her little son away from the students and a little more) and later (October 17, 1789) for her release. Her successor was Madame Zehe at the request of the emperor, who at the same time also headed the kk officier-daughters-education-institute in Hernals .
The House Rules of 1787 allowed every Sunday ten girls output ( "feed out may"), provided that they ansuchten it and were diligent. A reliable person had to pick the girl up at 11 a.m. and bring her back at 7.30 p.m. This point of the house rules became obsolete over the years, later it became customary to "eat out" on high holidays and on one Sunday a month.
Some points of the house rules from 1813 show that the customs in the boarding school were strict: Noise was forbidden and the schoolgirls were only allowed to walk in pairs. It was forbidden to read a book secretly without the headmaster's permission or to write a letter to someone outside without her knowledge.
Annagasse, Vienna
On 1 March 1787 the Institute has been at the monastery of after some renovation work Ursuline opened in Anna in Vienna, where the institution is not under exam was. Emperor Joseph II informed the parents or guardians of the 24 selected girls that the girls should be trained as secular teachers for girls' trivial schools.
In order to give the girls the opportunity to exercise in the fresh air, the emperor left them the garden of the Galician Guard near the Kärntnertor.
The institute remained in the Ursuline monastery for 17 years. The bad relations between the superior of the monastery and the head of the institute ultimately led the superior in 1801 to send a letter of appeal to the emperor to move the girls' institute due to lack of space. Emperor Franz II hesitated, but eventually he gave the premises back and added 1,200 guilders for the renovation work.
Gerlgasse, Landstrasse
On December 29, 1802, the lawyer Pausinger bought a house at Gerlgasse 56 in what is now the 3rd district of Vienna, Landstrasse . The move took place on October 14th, 1803. The condition of the house soon proved to be catastrophic. When it rained heavily, the water flowed from the garden through the building and there was even a risk of collapse.
Alser Strasse, Alsergrund
On Michaelmas 1806 the institute moved to a wing of the Minorite monastery on Alser Straße . The premises located here were just as unsuitable as the neighborhood of the General Hospital and the Vienna Foundling House were found unsuitable.
From 1811, the girls' dormitories were overcrowded. An extension planned by the curator Dietrichstein in 1824 failed due to the catastrophic financial situation of the state. The Minorites then rented out some additional rooms. Numerous cases of illness in the female pupils prompted the study court commission to report to the emperor. But only half-hearted measures were taken to remedy the lousy structural situation. The fact that the Minorites increased the rent in 1838 triggered considerations about a new building.
Despite the poor quality of accommodation, even for the time, the boarding school received high visits: in 1813 it was Johann Friedrich Gottlieb Delbrück , the tutor of the later King Friedrich Wilhelm IV , in 1815 Crown Prince Wilhelm of Bavaria and in 1866 Prince Peter von Oldenburg . How they rated the situation is not known.
The high point of the school year was the ball day . Even Emperor Joseph II paid 200 guilders annually for the organization of this amusement. In 1830, however, the ball threatened to be abolished as a punishment for having danced through from 8 p.m. to 8 a.m. The headmistress rescued him on the grounds that he was part of the social education, subject to new start and end times: from 7 p.m. to 5 a.m.
In 1839 the headmistress applied to hold only one ball a year and to be able to hold several country games in the warm season .
Josefstädter Strasse, Josefstadt
The emperor finally decided to buy Count Chotek's garden palace, Palais Strozzi , in Josefstadt , a suburb of Vienna. Due to better payment conditions, the institute stayed in Alser Strasse for another three years.
On January 15, 1841, His Majesty was informed that there were no longer any obstacles to the relocation of the civil girls' boarding school and that the opening of the new educational center would take place on January 21 with the inauguration of the house chapel . This was done by Prince Archbishop Vincenz Eduard Milde , the guests were the Emperor, the Empress and the Empress mother.
New iron beds were purchased to equip the new house, the larger rooms required a larger amount of wood, and since the well was unable to meet the water requirements, 100 buckets of water were fed in daily from the Kaiser Ferdinand's water pipe.
The new Reichs-Volksschul-Gesetz, enacted on May 14, 1869, made a reorganization necessary in the civil girls' boarding school, as a result of which the previous premises became inadequate and so on November 25, 1875 Emperor Franz Joseph I approved the demolition of an old building and the construction of an extension and extension on today's Josefstädter Straße , which was built between 1877 and 1878. The new building provided space for a five-class practice school, the four-year teacher training institute, gym, library , conference room, management, teaching material room, physical and chemical laboratory, one apartment each for the headmaster, the porter and the school clerk, a waiting room for visitors and a Sickroom.
Since in 1853 the Josefstadt barracks opposite was rebuilt and the wing with the officers' apartments was built in place of the chapel opposite, a source reports that the schoolgirls were not allowed to enter the newly built front wing "for safety's sake". However, since the classrooms were located here, the story of the privacy screen does not seem entirely accurate for moral reasons.
resolution
In 1919 the kk civil girls boarding school moved out of the Strozzi Palace. This was used by the municipality of Vienna for the care of the disabled. From 1940 to 2012 the tax office for the 8th and 16th districts of Vienna was based here. Since 2015, the research center of the Institute for Advanced Studies has been housed in the palace.
Places and funding
At the beginning of the kk civil girls' boarding school, first 20, then 24 and later 30 female pupils were taught and fed at state expense. Various foundations later gave rise to so-called “Stiftplatz”.
On the occasion of the happy return of Emperor Franz I from the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , the first donation places were given by the Lower Austrian Estates with the resolution to grant twelve foundation places (six each in the kk officier-daughters-education institute in Hernals and in the kk civil girls boarding school) donate.
Further foundation places followed in the course of history.
There were also “eating or paying places” for which the relatives of the students had to pay.
After the establishment of the girls' boarding school, funds from vacant places from another foundation were used to finance it . Over time, the available funds increased through donations and savings. Lottery winnings that were not recovered by the deadline were also used for financing in later years .
literature
- Franz Branky: The kk civil girls boarding school in Vienna. A memorandum for the secular celebration of the educational institution founded in 1786 by Emperor Josef II for the training of teachers , self-published by the kk Civil-Mädchen-Pensionates, Vienna 1886 Digitized in: austrian literature online - alo
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 33.5 " N , 16 ° 20 ′ 52.7" E