Salad (dish)
A salad is a dish of cold kitchen and is expressed either as an appetizer , side dish , as a main course or dessert served. Salads can be spicy or fruity and are almost always served cold (with a few exceptions). Salad dressings are used to prepare salads . Traditional mayonnaise derivatives are increasingly being displaced by energy-reduced dressings (yoghurt sauce, vinegar-oil-herb sauces, tomato sauces). Within a menu , salads do not take the place of an extra course, but rather as a side dish or as a starter or intermediate course.
Classification
The salads can be divided according to the predominantly used raw materials:
- Egg salads
- Fish salads and crab salads
- Meat salads , poultry salads and sausage salads
- Vegetable salads, mushroom salads, including leaf salads and raw vegetables
- Legume, pasta and grain salads (e.g. bulgur salads )
- Potato salads
- Cheese salads
- Fruit salads (if they are not desserts)
- Special salads (American salads).
Mixed salads
Mixed salads are separately prepared salads that are first put together on the serving dishes, or salads that are mixed together from different raw materials (including cheese or fish, seafood and delicacies from the sea, e.g. caviar ). Examples are herring salad , Aida salad , Carmen salad .
Vegetable salads
A distinction is made between salads made from cooked vegetables (e.g. bean salad, celery salad, white cabbage salads) and from uncooked vegetables (leafy salads and raw vegetables). Mixed vegetable salads still contain fruit or cheese, for example Greek farmer's salad .
Special salads (American salads)
The peculiarity of American salads lies in the composition of green salads with field crops and fruits, for example Waldorf salad , American chicken salad , Cumberland salad (slices of poached pears on lettuce leaves with Cumberland sauce ), Stockwell salad (cubes of Apples, bananas, grapefruits, oranges and tomatoes with spicy cream mayonnaise on lettuce leaves, sprinkled with almond flakes).
Salad dressings
A salad is almost always made with a salad sauce ("dressing"), for example:
- Mayonnaise-based : cocktail sauce , Louis dressing, ranch dressing , Russian dressing or Thousand Island dressing
- oil-based : vinaigrette / French dressing
- only vinegar and oil , plus pepper and salt (in Italy: balsamic vinegar and oil; in Styria: apple cider vinegar and pumpkin seed oil )
Word origin and history
The word "salad" comes from French salade , Italian insalata , from Latin sallita and originally means " salted ". In the sense of the word, salads are foods that have been preserved with salt .
The first book to be exclusively about salads was John Evelyn's Acetaria: A Discourse on Sallets (London 1699). He wrote that the vegetable salads came from Italy and the Netherlands .
See also
Web links
- Food from A – Z: Salads on was-wir-essen.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Herrmann, F. Jürgen: Textbook for cooks . Handwerk und Technik, Hamburg 1999, ISBN 3-582-40055-7 , p. 263 ff., 395 .
- ↑ Salad dressings for leaf salads. steirische-spezialitaeten.at
- ↑ John Evelyn: Acetaria - A Discourse of Sallets . Project Gutenberg ; accessed May 21, 2009.