Drill rig

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Drilling car for blasting in tunnel construction

A drill carriage is a movable carrier device that is used to attach one or more rock drilling machines. These mobile devices are used, for example, for rock work, rock drilling in quarries , underground in mining or tunnel construction.

history

Drill rigs were first used in underground mining at the beginning of the 20th century. In these first drilling rig designs, up to four rock drilling machines were attached to a drilling column mounted on an undercarriage. The drilling rig constructed in this way was pushed manually on rails to the site in order to use it there. Before the drilling machines could be used, the drilling carriage had to be secured against movement. For this purpose, it was attached to the central column opposite the roof and via two lateral struts against the section joints. So that the car was also stable, the wheels were raised until they floated freely. In the 1960s, the first portal drill rig was used to drive the Mont Cenis tunnel . Over the years, the individual components of the drill rig have been continuously improved. New, powerful rotary hammers were developed and used on the drill rig. Today, improved drilling jigs with new control technology are used.

Basics

Simple drilling columns are not suitable for all types of drilling work. In particular, where a high level of mechanization is required for reasons of time, simple drilling columns are not sufficiently efficient. The drilling work can be completely mechanized using a drill carriage. By using a drill carriage, it is also possible to achieve an absolute separation of man and drill. In addition, the drilling performance can also be increased with the aid of a drill carriage. High drilling capacities can be achieved with modern drilling jigs. However, the use of a drill rig is only useful if the drilling work is so extensive that the high investment costs are worthwhile.

construction

There are different versions and sizes depending on the purpose. A drilling trolley consists of the drive, chassis, drilling equipment and operator's platform. In addition to the drilling equipment, the drilling jigs can also be equipped with a telescopic lifting table in order to work at heights of up to seven meters. The drive can be electrical (direct drive), electrohydraulic, pneumatic or diesel-electric. Drill jigs can be moved with a track-bound or trackless chassis. Wheels or caterpillars can serve as running gear for the drilling truck, it can also be designed as a rail-bound vehicle. The drilling device consists of one or more drilling units. Drill jigs with up to three drill rigs are used. The drilling units consist of drilling machines that are moved and guided by means of drilling arms. Some drill carriage types are equipped with a drill rod extension magazine. This means that the boring bars can be changed or extended from the operator's platform. There are drill jigs on the drill arms of which hammer drills and drills from different manufacturers can be used. Hydraulic rotary hammers with an output of 30 kilowatts are used, which generate a very high impact power. The drilling device is designed so that the drilling units can be adjusted independently of one another. As a result, the individual drilling units can be variably adapted to any unevenness. In order to be able to control the drill rig accordingly, modern drill rig are equipped with several sensors . All functions required for drilling can be carried out from the operator's console. The drilling equipment is operated using a control lever and push buttons. Modern drilling jigs have a computer-controlled positioning unit for precise borehole positioning. This allows the break-in angle and the drill hole depth to be optimally adjusted and created accordingly.

use

Bench drill in use

Drilling jigs are used for different drilling purposes and must be equipped accordingly depending on the area of ​​application. In the salt mining industry, converted drill jigs are used to drill anchor boreholes. Afterwards, rock anchors up to 3.5 meters long are screwed in with the drill rig modified in this way . Bench drill rigs are also used in potash and salt mining for extraction drilling in steep storage . This is used to create boreholes up to 20 meters long. In the coal mining industry , drill jigs with crawler undercarriages are used for relaxation drilling work. In ore mining, drill rigs are used for long hole drilling. These drill jigs are used to drill holes up to 100 meters in length.

Web links

Commons : Drill Rig  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d Walter Bischoff , Heinz Bramann, Westfälische Berggewerkschaftskasse Bochum: The small mining encyclopedia. 7th edition, Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1988, ISBN 3-7739-0501-7 .
  2. ^ A b c Carl Hellmut Fritzsche: Textbook of mining science. First volume, 10th edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg 1961
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Ernst-Ulrich Reuther: Textbook of mining science. First volume, 12th edition, VGE Verlag GmbH, Essen 2010, ISBN 978-3-86797-076-1 .
  4. ↑ a b Klaus Eichler: Rock and tunnel construction. Expert Verlag, Renningen-Malmsheim 2000, ISBN 3-8169-1741-0 .
  5. ↑ a b c d e Fritz Heise, Fritz Herbst: Textbook of mining science with special consideration of hard coal mining. First volume, published by Julius Springer, Berlin 1908
  6. ^ A b Fritz Heise, Fritz Herbst: Textbook of mining science with special consideration of hard coal mining. First volume, fifth improved edition, published by Julius Springer, Berlin 1923
  7. ↑ a b c Karl-Heinz Wennmohs: Significant innovations in conventional tunneling technology through a new generation of drilling jigs . In: Ring Deutscher Bergingenieure eV (Hrsg.): Mining. Volume 60, No. 6, Makossa Druck und Medien GmbH, Gelsenkirchen April 2009, ISSN  0342-5681 , pp. 252-258.
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h Horst Roschlau, Wolfram Heinze, SDAG Wismut (ed.): Knowledge storage mining technology. 1st edition. German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1974, pp. 33–38.
  9. ↑ News in the drill rig sector . In: Deilmann-Haniel GmbH. (Ed.): Our company, company magazine for the companies of the Deilmann-Haniel Group. No. 14, printed by A. Hellendoorn, Dortmund September 1974, pp. 18-19
  10. ↑ News in the drill rig sector . In: Deilmann-Haniel GmbH. (Ed.): Our company, company magazine for the companies of the Deilmann-Haniel Group. No. 15, February 1994, p. 19.
  11. ↑ a b Friederich Prinz: Development of a partially automated drill rig for underground use in hard coal mining. In: Glückauf the trade journal for raw materials, mining and energy, No. 145, VGE-Verlag, Essen 2009, pp. 23-27.
  12. ↑ Franz-Josef Paus, Martin Kaufmanns: Wheel loaders as the basis for explosive vehicles, anchor drilling and setting vehicles and auxiliary vehicles. In: Hossein H. Tudeshi (Ed.) AMS Online GmbH: Advanced Mining Solutions. 2011, No. 2, pp. 49-55
  13. ↑ News in the drilling rig sector, relaxation drilling . In: Deilmann-Haniel GmbH. (Ed.): Our company, company magazine for the companies of the Deilmann-Haniel Group. No. 16, printed by A. Hellendoorn, Dortmund September 1975, pp. 26-28