Bonjour (Apple)
| Bonjour protocol specifications | |
|---|---|
| IPv4LL | Dynamic configuration of IPv4 link-local addresses |
| mDNA | Multicast DNS |
| DNS-SD | DNS-based service discovery |
| DNS LLQ | Long-lasting DNS queries |
| DNS-UL | Dynamic DNS Update Leases |
| NAT-PMP | NAT port mapping protocol |
Bonjour (French for. "Good day!"), Formerly Rendezvous (French for "the meeting."), Is a technology that auto-detection of network services in IP - networks provide. It is an implementation of the Zeroconf system by Apple . Bonjour implements Multicast DNS (mDNS), DNS-SD and IPv4LL . mDNS and DNS-SD are Apple developments that have been approved for recognition as open standards.
Among other things, iTunes uses Bonjour technology to automatically find other computers that are sharing their music. Under Windows, the Bonjour service is installed by programs that require it when they are installed. In version 10.4 ("Tiger," 2005) of the Mac OS X operating system , Rendezvous was renamed Bonjour because there were legal problems with the name. Bonjour is also used in Apple Safari , iTunes , AirPrint and some Adobe programs as well as in network-compatible hardware.
history
With the introduction of Apple's UNIX-based Mac OS X, the previous network protocol AppleTalk was not migrated. The problems previously resolved with AppleTalk on Mac OS 9 , such as reaching a new printer via Ethernet, persisted again. At that time, Apple did not plan to develop an AppleTalk variant for Mac OS X, which meant that a network configuration with IP addresses had to be carried out on a Mac as with a classic UNIX system.
A user named Stuart Cheshire refused to accept this and wrote his sorrow on an email discussion group. This email and the whole discussion made history because Apple decided to develop a contemporary AppleTalk successor. His two core statements in this discussion were that, firstly, it cannot be a permanent solution for UNIX users to come to him to print their documents remotely via the network via his Mac, because the configuration of the printers on their computers is too cumbersome and error-prone . Some participants argued that network problems are the task of the administrator and that it is therefore not necessary to construct a technically better solution. Second, he replied that such simple tasks should be possible without an administrator.
Stuart Cheshire was later hired by Apple to develop a contemporary AppleTalk successor based on the TCP / IP protocol stack. The result was Rendezvous , which was later renamed Bonjour due to trademark problems . The entire technology was released as open source and will also be maintained as the Zeroconf standard for other operating systems.
Bonjour for Windows
Bonjour is also available for Microsoft Windows and can be downloaded from the Apple website. The software thus enables easy networking of bonjour-compatible software and hardware even under Windows and in heterogeneous networks. In most cases, these are network-compatible printers that, thanks to Bonjour, can be used by the user without any further network configuration.
technology
Like ZeroConf, Bonjour fulfills three main tasks:
- Assignment of IP addresses without a DHCP server on the network;
- Resolving host names and IP addresses without a DNS server on the network;
- Publication and determination of existing services (e.g. usable printers) without a directory server such as LDAP being present in the network.
The complete technical concepts of ZeroConf specify a number of RFC documents, mainly:
- IPv4LL / rfc3927 for the assignment of link-local IP addresses without a central DHCP server;
- mDNS / rfc6762 for multicast DNS to resolve host names without a central DNS server;
- DNS-SD / rfc6763 for DNS-based service discovery without a central directory server.
IANA maintains a directory of service names and ports, the service names and ports registry . Developers who want to define and develop new service types for their systems can reserve and register unique names in this directory.
The main component of the ZeroConf implementation in the form of Bonjour, the Darwin mDNSResponder, is freely available as open source under the Apache license .
Bonjour starts a daemon with which the dns_sd can connect from the application. There is a JNI bridge for Java .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://apple.stackexchange.com/tags/bonjour/info
- ↑ See original discussion archived at http://www.stuartcheshire.org/rants/NBPIP.html
- ↑ See video "The Hitchhiker's Guide to Leopard (Part 2): The Bonjour Story" from Mac-TV (for a fee, from 8:30 minutes) http://www.mac-tv.de/Detail_Artikel_jump.lasso?JumpID = 33243
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