Brown oak hairstreak
| Brown oak hairstreak | ||||||||||||
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Brown oak hairstreak |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Satyrium ilicis | ||||||||||||
| ( Esper , 1779) |
The Brown Oak Hairstreak ( Satyrium ilicis called), or only "Oak Hairstreak", is a butterfly ( butterfly ) from the family of Gossamer (Lycaenidae).
description
On the upper side, the wings are dark gray-brown with weak orange spots in the anal angle of the lower wing in both sexes and a variable-size discoid spot on the upper side of the forewing of the female. The orange spots are always streaked with brown wing veins. On the light brown underside of the wing, there is a white, broken line in the post- disk region , as well as an orange submarginal band that tapers upwards. There are no points or marks in the disk and basal regions . The brown oak hairstreak can be confused with other hairstreak butterflies (Theclinae), but the differences (e.g. missing silver stain) are clear and allow photographic evidence.
Flight time
The brown oak hairstreak is univoltine , which means that it produces only one generation per year that flies from late May to early August.
habitat
Different habitats are inhabited in the entire distribution area - dry Quercus coccifera bushes are represented as well as moist heaths and forest clearings. Egg-laying habitats in Central Europe are almost without exception the light forest structures, such as wide paths and forest edges, with a rich population of oaks and their young growth.
Way of life
The caterpillar lives oligophagous on young oaks ( Quercus robur , Q. petraea and Q. pubescens ). The eggs hibernate, the caterpillar eats the leaves by first biting through the midrib and then consuming the rest of the leaf. The moths gather on roadsides and prefer doing thistles ( Cirsium ).
distribution
The brown oak hairstreak is common from Spain to northwest Asia , including Israel , Lebanon , Turkey . In the north, the species occurs as far as the southernmost Fennoscandinavia . However, the species is absent in Great Britain and northern Scandinavia. In some places the species is endangered, as oak scrub falls victim to land consolidation or forest management.
Hazard and protection
On the Red List of Endangered Species developed by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation , the butterfly is classified in category 3 - endangered .
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ Anton Koschuh, Rupert Mitten, The Brown Oak Hairstreak butterfly Satyrium ilicis (Esper, 1779) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in Styria (Austria) , contributions to Entomofaunistik, Vienna, 2005
literature
- Tom Tolman, Richard Lewington: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07573-7 .
- Hans-Josef Weidemann: Butterflies: observe, determine . Naturbuch-Verlag, Augsburg 1995, ISBN 3-89440-115-X .
- Butterflies. 2. Special part: Satyridae, Libytheidae, Lycaenidae, Hesperiidae . In: Günter Ebert, Erwin Rennwald (eds.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg . 1st edition. tape 2 . Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1991, ISBN 3-8001-3459-4 .
- Lepidopterists working group: Butterflies and their habitats, Volume 1 , Swiss Confederation for Nature Conservation, Basel 1987, ISBN 3-85587-402-6
Web links
- Lepiforum e. V. Taxonomy and Photos
- www.schmetterling-raupe.de
- Mario Meier: European butterflies
- Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa - photos of butterflies
- Satyrium ilicis at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved March 7, 2011