Burner (device)

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Burners for light heating oil

A burner is a device for converting chemical into thermal energy. Burners can be designed for gaseous (e.g. propane , butane or natural gas ) or liquid (e.g. gasoline , diesel fuel , heating oil , kerosene or petroleum ) fuels. So-called dual-fuel burners or forced-air burners are able to burn both liquid and gaseous fuels alternately or simultaneously. It is also possible to use solid fuels (as fine-grained as possible).

Basics

When the burner is in operation, a fuel is burned with (air) oxygen in a continuous reaction ( firing ) giving off heat. The hot exhaust gases are released into the open environment through an outlet, into a heat exchanger or a heat engine (e.g. turbine ). In the case of liquid fuel, atomization takes place either through pressure release or auxiliary media (e.g. air or steam).

A distinction is made between the following flame types, of which in practice the last two often occur in technical systems:

Another differentiation is the type of regulation . A distinction is made between single-stage burners (on / off control), two-stage or multi-stage burners and controllable burners ("modulating burners") that function continuously.

The type of fuel, the mixing of the reactants and the need for flame stabilization lead to a wide variety of burner designs, such as. B. point, surface or swirl burners.

commitment

In addition to the "classic" uses for providing thermal energy, burners are also used in exhaust gas cleaning . They are used to clean exhaust gases by means of thermal and regenerative post-combustion.

literature

  • Lajos Joos: Practice of gas application technology in household and trade . Vulkan Verlag, Essen 2002. ISBN 3-8027-3506-4 . Pp. 35-61.

Web links

Commons : Burner  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Brenner  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. DIN EN 267: 2011-11 Automatic blower burners for liquid fuels; German version EN 267: 2009 + A1: 2011. Beuth Verlag, Berlin, p. 10.
  2. a b DIN EN 267: 2011-11 Automatic burners with blower for liquid fuels; German version EN 267: 2009 + A1: 2011. Beuth Verlag, Berlin, p. 16.
  3. Christoph Schmid: Heating, ventilation, electricity. vdf Hochschulverlag AG, 2005, ISBN 978-3-728-12936-9 , p. 14 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  4. a b VDI 2442: 2014-02 exhaust gas cleaning; Processes and technology of thermal waste gas cleaning (Waste gas cleaning; Methods of thermal waste gas cleaning). Beuth Verlag, Berlin. P. 15.