Brugia timori

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Brugia timori
Systematics
Class : Secernentea
Order : Spirurida (Spirurida)
Superfamily : Filarioidea
Family : Filariidae
Genre : Brugia
Type : Brugia timori
Scientific name
Brugia timori
Partono , Purnomo , Dennis , Atmosoedjono , Oemijati & Cross , 1977

Brugia timori is a tropical roundworm belonging to the filaria group . It parasitizes humans and can cause lymphatic filariasis called Timor filariasis. The disease was first described in 1965, the identification of Brugia timori as a separate species did not take place until 1977. In the same year it became known that the mosquito Anopheles barbirostris functions as a vector ( vector ).

features

The microfilariae of Brugia timori are longer and differ morphologically from those of the species Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti , with the length-to-width ratio of the head being around 3: 1. In contrast to the other two species that cause lymphatic filariasis, the sheath of the filariae does not show any pink spots with a Giemsa stain .

distribution

Brugia timori has only been described in the Lesser Sunda Islands , an island group of the state of Indonesia . The distribution is locally limited to the areas where the mosquito Anopheles barbirostris occurs, which develops in rice fields . A study of the prevalence of the infection in Mainang , Alor Island , found microfilariae in the blood of 157 of 586 people (27%), of which 77 (13%) had lymphedema of the leg.

infection

As with other filariasis , infection with Brugia timori leads to acute fever and chronic lymphedema. The life cycle of Brugia timori is very similar to that of Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi and, due to the circadian periodicity of the microfilariae, leads to a nocturnal periodicity of the disease symptoms.

The use of anthelmintics such as diethylcarbamazine and albendazole have shown an effect in the treatment of Brugia timori . Some researchers are confident that Brugia timori filariasis is a controllable and eradicable disease.

supporting documents

  1. ^ HL David, JF Edeson: Filariasis in Portuguese Timor, with observations on a new microfilaria found in man. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 59, 1965; Pp. 193-204.
  2. ↑ F. Partono, DT Dennis, S. Atmosoedjono, S. Oemijati, JH Cross: Brugia timori sp.n. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) from Flores Island, Indonesia. Journal of Parasitology 63 (3), 1977; Pp. 540-546.
  3. ↑ S. Atomosoedjono, F. Partono, DT Dennis, Purnomo: Anopheles barbirostris (Diptera: Culicidae) as a vector of the Timor filaria on Flores Island: Preliminary observations. Journal of Medical Entomology 13 (4-5), 1977; Pp. 611-613.
  4. ↑ Purnomo, DT Dennis, F. Partono: The microfilaria of Brugia timori (Partono et al. 1977 = Timor microfilaria, David and Edeson, 1964): Morphologic description with comparison to Brugia malayi of Indonesia. Journal of Parasitology 63 (3), 1964; Pp. 1001-1006.
  5. ↑ T. Supali, H. Wibowo, P. Rückert, K. Fischer, IS Ismid, Purnomo, Y. Djuardi, P. Fischer: High prevalence of Brugia timori infection in the highland of Alor Island, Indonesia. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 66 (5), 2002; Pp. 560-565.
  6. ↑ T. Oqueka, T. Supali, IS Ismid, Purnomo, P. Rückert, M. Bradley, P. Fischer: Impact of two rounds of mass drug administration using diethylcarbamazine combined with albendazole on the prevalence of Brugia timor and of intestinal helminths on Alor Island, Indonesia. Filaria Journal 4 (1), 2005; P. 5
  7. ↑ P. Fischer, T. Supali and RM Maizels: Lymphatic filariasis and Brugia timori : Prospects for elimination. Trends in Parasitology 20 (8), 2004; Pp. 351-355.

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