Diethylcarbamazine
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Non-proprietary name | Diethylcarbamazine | ||||||||||||||||||
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Molecular formula | C 10 H 21 N 3 O | ||||||||||||||||||
Brief description |
white, slightly hygroscopic, crystalline powder (citrate) |
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Drug information | |||||||||||||||||||
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properties | |||||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 199.29 g · mol -1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Physical state |
firmly |
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Melting point |
47-49 ° C ; 138 ° C (citrate) |
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boiling point |
108.5–111 ° C (0.39 KPa) |
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pK s value |
7.7 |
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Toxicological data | |||||||||||||||||||
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Diethylcarbamazine is a chemical compound from the group of piperazine derivatives , which is used as a drug against worm diseases ( anthelmintic ). Diethylcarbamazine is listed on the World Health Organization's Essential Medicines List .
Clinical information
Application areas (indications)
Diethylcarbamazine is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the treatment and temporary prophylaxis of loiasis . Diethylcarbamazine is also suitable for the treatment of lymphatic and occult filariasis .
Contraindications (contraindications)
A serious pre-existing illness or an existing pregnancy are considered relative contraindications for the use of diethylcarbamazine.
Side effects
The characteristic side effects include immunological disorders such as the Mazzotti reaction . This is caused by the killing of the pathogens and, associated with this, by a strong increase in toxic decay products. Headache, fever, tiredness, loss of appetite, rash or asthma attacks may occur in this context. These symptoms appear within a few hours and go away in about five days. A possible proteinuria is usually temporary.
pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Diethylcarbamazine is an orally and parenterally administered antiparasitic agent with action against nematodes (e.g. in onchocerciasis ) and the early larval stages of Dirofilaria immitis . Diethylcarbamazine is available as a citrate for oral and intramuscular administration. Today, however, it is being replaced by ivermectin .
Pharmacokinetics
After oral administration, diethylcarbamazine is almost completely absorbed and distributed outside of the adipose tissue . Its plasma half-life is about 6 to 12 hours.
Other Information
Diethylcarbamazine citrate is a white, slightly hygroscopic, crystalline powder with a melting point of approx. 138 ° C. It is very soluble in water. The solubility in alcohol (1 g in 35 ml) is only low. It was first patented by American Cyanamid in 1949 .
In Germany, preparations based on diethylcarbamazine are no longer permitted for animals, and use on food-producing animals is not permitted.
In India and China , table salt is enriched with the substance.
Trade names
- Banocide Forte, Carbilazine, Caricide, Cypip, Ethodryl, Filaribits, Hetrazan, Notézine, Spatonin
Web links
- Diethylcarbamazine (WHO) (PDF file; 369 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Entry on diethylcarbamazine at Vetpharm, accessed on August 11, 2012.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Entry on diethylcarbamazine. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on June 30, 2019.
- ↑ a b Datasheet Diethylcarbamazine citrate salt from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 25, 2011 ( PDF ).
- ↑ a b c d Diethylcarbamazine . In: WHO model prescribing information. Drugs used in parasitic diseases , 2nd edition, World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland), pp. 117, 121-122.
- ↑ Patrick Lammie, Trevor Milner, Robin Houston: Unfulfilled potential: using diethylcarbamazine-fortified salt to eliminate lymphatic filariasis. WHO Bulletin , Volume 85 (7), July 2007, pp. 501-568.