Leprechaun mosses
| Leprechaun mosses | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Green Koboldmoss ( Buxbaumia viridis ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the subclass | ||||||||||||
| Buxbaumiidae | ||||||||||||
| Doweld | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the order | ||||||||||||
| Buxbaumiales | ||||||||||||
| M. meat. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Buxbaumiaceae | ||||||||||||
| Chimp. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Buxbaumia | ||||||||||||
| Hedw. |
The goblin mosses ( Buxbaumia ) are a genus of acrocarpic mosses that belong to the subclass Buxbaumiidae and include around twelve species.
Due to some characteristics that differed greatly from other moss groups, the systematic position of the genus was unclear for a long time; today they are considered a separate subclass within the Bryopsida .
Surname
The Latin name honors the German botanist Johann Christian Buxbaum . The German name Koboldmoos is probably derived from the sporophyte, which looks like a kobold hat .
description
The goblin mosses are a highly derived and specialized group. Characteristic of all mosses of the family is the greatly reduced gametophyte , which is stemless and consists only of a rosette of leaves. In many species the leaves are reduced and tiny, or even almost completely absent. In the latter case, the sporophyte is nourished by the protonema .
The sporophyte is large in comparison. It can be seated as well as long-stalked, but is always asymmetrical, bubble-shaped to ovoid. The two-row peristome consists of 16 or 32 teeth. As in the Bryidae, the teeth consist of cell walls - not whole cells - so-called arthrodontic teeth. but which are strongly regressed and only consist of cell debris or thickened cell walls, and which no longer have any function in the spread of the spores . The spread of the spores in the air-filled capsules is similar to that of a bellows.
Systematics
Because of the arthrodontic teeth, the goblin mosses were formerly part of the Bryidae. Molecular biological studies have shown, however, that this characteristic must have arisen independently in both groups and that they are not closely related to one another. Due to the small number of species and the strongly derived characteristics, it is assumed that the family are remnants of once species-rich groups of deciduous moss. However, fossil goblin mosses are not known.
The family consists of a global genus:
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Buxbaumia with 12 species that are annual and grow on rotten wood or soil. The female gametophytes consist of a rosette of leaves about one millimeter in size, the male are microscopic and consist of a leaf attached to the protonema with an enclosed antheridium . In Germany only the species
- Leafless goblin moss ( Buxbaumia aphylla ) and
- Green Koboldmoss ( Buxbaumia viridis )
swell
- Jan-Peter Frahm : Biology of Mosses. Spectrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg et al. 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0164-X .
- Jan-Peter Frahm, Wolfgang Frey: Moosflora (= UTB . 1250). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-8001-2463-7 .
- Benito C. Tan: Review: Genera Muscorum Sinicorum By Pan-Chieh Chen. In: The Bryologist. Vol. 82, No. 4, 1979, ISSN 0007-2745 , pp. 638-641, JSTOR 3242014 .
- Urania plant kingdom. Volume 2: mosses, ferns, naked plants Urania-Verlag, Leipzig et al. 1992, ISBN 3-332-00495-6 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wolfgang Frey, Michael Stech, Eberhard Fischer: Bryophytes and Seedless Vascular Plants (= Syllabus of Plant Families. 3). 13th edition. Borntraeger, Berlin et al. 2009, ISBN 978-3-443-01063-8 , pp. 146-147.