Caenina
Caenina ( Greek Καινίνη ) was a very old ancient city in the Italian landscape of Latium , which is mentioned in the semi-legendary early history of Rome and already disappeared in ancient times. It was very close to Rome, but its exact location is unknown.
According to Dionysius of Halicarnassus , Caenina was originally settled by Siculians , who were ousted by the Aborigines . Diodorus , however, states that King Latinus Silvius of Alba Longa founded the city along with many others. According to Plutarch and Stephanos of Byzantium , Caenina was a Sabine city.
Caenina existed before Rome was founded. According to the legend, the Caeninenses (the common name for the inhabitants of Caenina) took up arms together with the inhabitants of Crustumerium and Antemnae after the robbery of the Sabine women . The Caeninenses carried out the first attack alone, but were defeated by Romulus . The latter killed the King of Caenina, Acro , with his own hands in a duel, conquered and destroyed his city and consecrated the captured armor Acros as the first spolia opima to Iuppiter Feretrius . Then Romulus sent a colony to Caenina, while most of the inhabitants of the conquered city moved to Rome with their belongings.
By the time of Pliny the Elder , Caenina had completely disappeared. However, there was a special Roman state priesthood ( Caeninenses sacerdotes ) for the care of the sacra of the submerged city that had been transferred to Rome , as is shown by mentions of this priesthood in inscriptions from the imperial period.
literature
- Christian Hülsen : Caenina. In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume III, 1, Stuttgart 1897, Col. 1278 f.
- Edward Herbert Bunbury: Caenina . In: William Smith : Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London 1854.
Remarks
- ^ Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquitates Romanae 2, 35, 7.
- ↑ Diodor, Bibliothéke historiké 7, 5, 9.
- ↑ Plutarch, Romulus 16; Stephanos of Byzantium, Ethnika , s. Caenina .
- ^ Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquitates Romanae 1, 79, 13.
- ^ Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquitates Romanae 2, 32ff .; Titus Livius , Ab urbe condita 1, 10; Plutarch, Romulus 16 and 27; Properz 4, 10; among others
- ^ Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquitates Romanae 2, 35.
- ↑ Pliny, Naturalis historia 3, 68.
- ↑ CIL 5, 4059 et al