Crustumerium

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Crustumerium (also Crustumeria ) was an ancient city in Lazio , not far from Rome on the Via Salaria in the hill country between Fidenae , Nomentum and Eretum in the area of ​​today's Roman district of Marcigliana .

Their founding saga, which was invented late, involves fleeting Trojans or Sikelers and connects the name with Klytaimnestra . It is also called an Athenian colony by some authors .

The city of Crustumerium is mentioned in connection with the Roman founding legend , the royal period and the early republic , for example when the Sabine women of Romulus were robbed . Dionysius reports (III 49) the submission of the city by Rome to its king Tarquinius Priscus , Livius (II 19), on the other hand, shifts the capture of the city to the year 499 BC. Modern historians date these events even later: According to Bringmann (2002) Crustumerium (together with Fidenae and Ficulea) was conquered "according to tradition in the year 426", after which the area was settled as " tribus Crustumeria", while Bengtson (1982 ) the final conquest of the city and the creation of the “tribus clustumina” (“after a 20-year ceasefire”) not until 405 BC. Chr. Or shortly thereafter sets.

The scanty mentions in the Republican period and Pliny the Elder's report that the city was destroyed along with several other Latin cities fit together.

The area of ​​the ancient city has been excavated since 1982. Above all, around 200 graves, some with grave goods, were uncovered.

literature

Remarks

  1. ^ Servius , Aeneid Commentary VII 631.
  2. ↑ Dionysios II 36. 53. Diodor et al
  3. ↑ Liv. 2.19: T. Aebutius deinde and C. Vetusius. His consulibus Fidenae obsessae, Crustumeria capta, (...)
  4. ↑ see also Liv. 1,38,3-4: Bello Sabino perfecto Tarquinius [Priscus] triumphans Romam redit. Inde Priscis Latinis bellum fecit; ubi nusquam ad universae rei dimicationem ventum est, ad singula oppida circumferendo arma omne noun Latinum domuit. Corniculum, Ficulea vetus, Cameria, Crustumerium , Ameriola, Medullia, Nomentum, haec de Priscis Latinis aut qui ad Latinos defecerant, capta oppida. Pax deinde est facta.
  5. ^ Klaus Bringmann: History of the Roman Republic. From the beginning to Augustus. Munich: CHBeck 2002, ISBN 3-406-49292-4 , p. 35
  6. ^ Hermann Bengtson: Outline of Roman history with sources. Volume 1: Republic and Imperial Era up to AD 284 (= Handbook of Classical Studies III.5). Munich: CH Beck ³1982, ISBN 3-406-08617-9 , p. 61

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Coordinates: 42 ° 0 '  N , 12 ° 33'  E