Fidenae
Fidenae (also Fidena , Greek mostly Φιδῆναι , also Φιδήνη, Φιδήνα) was a historical settlement in Latium north of Rome . It was one of the Latin cities that rivaled the young Roman Republic in early Roman times . Due to its bridgehead-like location on the left bank of the Tiber , it played an important role as an outpost for the city of Veji until it was built in 426 BC. . BC was conquered by Rome.
Fidenae was supposedly founded by Albanian kings and took part in the Latin festival on Albanus Mons ( Monte Cavo ). The wars with Rome during the royal period, as reproduced by Titus Livius , Dionysius of Halicarnassus and Plutarch , are fictitious, as is the Etruscan origins of the city, which Strabo and Livy emphasize. She allegedly supported the Tarquins in the late 6th century BC. BC and is said to have fought fierce battles with Rome in the early 5th century , but this is to be regarded as a later invention. Fidenae was founded in 426 BC. Captured by Rome, which was an important signal in the war with the competitor Veji .
After the invasion of the Gauls ( Battle of the Allia ) in Rome in 387 BC. Chr. Tried Fidenae an uprising and was destroyed by Rome. From then on, the city only existed as a smaller settlement, but is still mentioned under the emperors Trajan and Gallienus with a city council (senatus Fidenatium) . In 140, a statue was dedicated to Mark Aurel , who had been designated heir to the throne the year before as Caesar , by the Senatus Fidenatium . The Senate's dedication by name is on the received base.
Fidenae was the first stop on Via Salaria . In the year 27 a wooden amphitheater was built there, which collapsed when it opened. According to Suetonius , over 20,000 people died in the accident. Tacitus reports 50,000 injuries and deaths.
The remains of the settlement lie on the northern edge of the modern Roman district of Fidene in the IV Municipio Monte Sacro .
See also
literature
- Christian Hülsen : Fidenae. In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume VI, 1, Stuttgart 1907, Col. 2278 f.
- Lorenzo Quilici, Stefania Quilici Gigli: Fidenae . CNR, Rome 1993 (Latium vetus, 6).
Individual evidence
- ↑ So Virgil , Aeneid ; Dionysius of Halicarnassus 2, 53; Solinus 2, 16.
- ↑ Pliny the Elder , Naturalis historia 3, 69.
- ^ Strabo 5, 226. Livy 1, 15, 1.
- ↑ Livy 2, 19. Dionysius 5, 40, 43, 52, 60.
- ↑ Varro , De lingua latina 6, 18.Macrobius , Saturnalia 1, 11, 37.
- ↑ Florus , Eutropius , Macrobius.
- ^ AE 1889, 169
- ^ Suetonius , Tiberius 40.
- ↑ Tacitus , annales 4, 62.
Coordinates: 41 ° 59 ′ N , 12 ° 31 ′ E