Camphin

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Camphin , also Kamphin , is purified, resin-free turpentine oil that was used as lamp fuel in the 19th century . As camphine also the product of the decomposition of the formerly camphor by iodine , respectively. However, the exact constitution of the substance thus obtained remained questionable.

Manufacturing

To make camphine, oil of turpentine was subjected to steam distillation to separate the resin it contained. To do this, the turpentine oil was mixed with about the same volume of water and a little quicklime or chlorinated lime was added. The distillate thus obtained separates into two phases, of which the aqueous phase was discarded. As an alternative to distillation, the addition of concentrated sulfuric acid to the oil of turpentine has also been described, which resulted in the resin components settling as a dark brown residue from which the camphine could be decanted . However, the product obtained by this process is described as yellowish and with a different odor.

Properties and use

Camphin is highly flammable. It burns with a white, strongly luminous flame without soot or smell formation, which explains its use as a luminous material, for example in the camphin lamps invented by W. Young and initially imported from England (also Young, Vesta or Imperial lamps). A mixture of 4 parts of alcohol with 1 part of camphine results in so-called luminous alcohol , which is converted into the camphinga, which burns with a strongly glowing, white flame by heating. It served as a luminous material in Lüdersdorff's steam lamp .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pierer's Universal Lexicon. Volume 3, Altenburg 1857, p. 610 .: Camphin at Zeno.org .
  2. ↑ C. Claus: About the behavior of camphor to the haloids. In: Journal for practical chemistry . Volume 1, Barth, 1842, pp. 257-274 ( full text in the Google book search).
  3. ^ Leopold Gmelin : Handbook of Chemistry. 7th volume, first division, 4th edition, Karl Winter, Heidelberg 1862 ( full text in the Google book search) p. 402.
  4. ↑ August Kekulé , Richard Anschütz , Gustav Schultz, Wilhelm LaCos: Textbook of organic chemistry. Volume 2, part 1, Verlag von Ferdinand Enke, Erlangen, 1863 ( full text in the Google book search) p. 461.
  5. ↑ Dr. Buchner (ed.), FJ Bernays u. a .: Repertory for pharmacy. 3rd row, 8th volume, Schrag, Nuremberg 1851 ( full text in the Google book search) p. 225.
  6. ↑ From nature. The latest discoveries in the natural sciences. 13th volume, Verlag v. Ambr. Abel, Leipzig, 1860, p. 387 ( full text in the Google book search).