Capraiellus panzeri

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Capraiellus panzeri
Systematics
Subclass : Flying insects (Pterygota)
Order : Cockroaches (Blattodea)
Family : Ectobiidae
Subfamily : Wood cockroaches (Ectobiinae)
Genre : Capraiellus
Type : Capraiellus panzeri
Scientific name
Capraiellus panzeri
( Stephens , 1835)

Capraiellus panzeri ( syn. Ectobius panzeri ) is a European species of the wood cockroach . The species is sometimes referred to as the “coastal wood cockroach”.

features

Capraiellus panzeri is a small species of wood cockroach. Males reach a body length of 9.3 to 9.5 millimeters, females up to 7 millimeters. In the species, as is typical for the genus, the males are fully winged and capable of flight, the winglets ( tegmina ) reach the end of the abdomen or protrude a little. The wings of the females are significantly shortened and straightly truncated at the rear edge (rarely noticeably outlined behind), they reach the second or third segment of the abdomen. Their hind wings are reduced to rudimentary, lobe-like appendages. The basic color of the species is sand-colored, light yellowish, females a little darker than the males, but the body can also be darkened to a greater or lesser extent in both sexes. It is usually brownish spotted to varying degrees, often with a double row of dark spots on the abdomen. The pronotum usually bears, in addition to brown spots, a curved, dark longitudinal line on both sides of the midline, resulting in a lyre-shaped drawing. As with many related species, young nymphs are predominantly black in color with a very conspicuous, white transverse band on the rear part of the trunk (metanotum). Older nymphs are mostly light colored in front of this transverse band with two distinctive, dark longitudinal bands over the entire trunk. The ootheca , which the female carries around on her abdomen for a long time, is smooth, without longitudinal ridges.

For a reliable identification of the species, especially to distinguish it from the other representatives of the genus, the mating organs on the abdomen and the shape and design of the glandular pit on the abdomen must be compared. There are no similar species in north and north-west Europe; here the species is unmistakable due to its size, color and the formation of its wings.

The species of the genus Capraiellus stand out compared to other forest cockroaches (such as the genus Ectobius ) in that the asymmetrically developed, male mating organs appear reversed: the structures otherwise formed on the left side of the body are on the right, and vice versa.

distribution

The species has been proven from southwest and western Europe, usually near the coast. Evidence is available from Spain, Portugal, France, southern England (to southernmost Wales), the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Denmark, Germany, as well as from the island of Madeira as well as a single find from the Rif mountains in Morocco, North Africa. In Germany, the species occurs almost only on the North Sea islands of Sylt and Amrum , a single discovery from the Baltic coast was only made in 2014 in Warnemünde. Old site information from the interior (before 1920) has not been confirmed for a long time and is largely considered to be unreliable.

Biology and way of life

The species forms one generation per year ( univoltin ). The young hatch in England in April or May, the five nymph stages go through until July or August. The adults then live until the end of September or the beginning of October. The species lives mainly in coastal dunes and on pebble beaches, but it occasionally occurs in habitats further away from the coast such as dry limestone lawns and dry dwarf shrub heaths , rarely even in forests.

Taxonomy

The species was named Ectobius panzeri by the British entomologist James Francis Stephens in his book Illustrations of British Entomology. - Mandibulata VI (1835) first described. The name honors the German naturalist Georg Wolfgang Franz Panzer . For a group of three species that includes this species, Kurt Harz established the subgenus Capraiellus in 1976 , which Horst Bohn and colleagues raised to the genus rank in 2013 . Capraiellus panzeri is their type species .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Blattodea - Cockroaches, species living in the wild. German Society for Orthopterology eV
  2. ↑ Kurt Harz, Alfred Kaltenbach: Die Orthopteren Europe. Volume III. W. Junk, The Hague 1976, ISBN 90-6193-122-3 , pp. 217, 252.
  3. ↑ a b Horst Bohn: Cockroaches (Blattoptera). In: Bernhard Klausnitzer (Hrsg.): Stresemann - excursion fauna of Germany. Volume 2: Invertebrates: Insects. 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-2452-5 , pp. 114-118.
  4. ↑ a b Horst Bohn, George Beccaloni, Wolfgang HO Dorow, Manfred Alban Pfeifer: Another species of European Ectobiinae traveling north - the new genus Planuncus and its relatives (Insecta: Blattodea: Ectobiinae). In: Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny. Volume 71, No. 3, 2013, pp. 139-168.
  5. ^ Menno Schilthuizen: The evolution of chirally dimorphic insect genitalia. In: Tijdschrift voor Entomologie. 150, 2007, pp. 347-354.
  6. ^ Ectobius panzeri (Stephens, 1835), Lesser Cockroach Grasshoppers and Related Insects Recording Scheme of Britain and Ireland.
  7. ↑ D. Matzke: The coastal cockroach Capraiellus panzeri (Stephens, 1835) now also on the Baltic coast (Blattoptera). In: Entomological News and Reports. Volume 58, No. 3, 2014, p. 292.
  8. ^ ECM Haes, PT Harding: Atlas of grasshoppers, crickets and allied insects in Britain and Ireland. (= Institute of Terrestrial Ecology ITE research publication. No. 11). 1997, ISBN 0-11-702117-2 , Ectobius panzeri (Lesser Cockroach) p. 45.

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