Carl-Gustaf Rossby Research Medal

The Carl-Gustaf Rossby Research Medal is an annual award for meteorology (understanding of the structure and behavior of the atmosphere) by the American Meteorological Society . It is the highest award of the Society for Science of the Atmosphere, is named after Carl-Gustaf Rossby and has been awarded since 1951. Until 1958 it was called the Prize for Extraordinary Scientific Achievement .

Award winners

Each with an official justification.

1951: Hurd Curtis Willett for his contributions to synoptic meteorology and especially for our understanding of the large-scale circulation patterns of the atmosphere ( for his contributions to synoptic meteorology, and in particular to our understanding of the large-scale circulation patterns of the atmosphere ).

1953: Carl-Gustaf Rossby for his contributions to dynamic meteorology which led to a better understanding of atmospheric currents and thermodynamics ( for his contributions to dynamic meteorology leading to a better understanding of atmospheric motions and thermodynamics 9.

1955: Jerome Namias for his contributions to and its stimulation of research on principles and application of extended long-range forecasting techniques ( for his contributions to, and stimulation of, research into the principles and application of extended and long-range forecasting techniques ).

1956: John von Neumann for his far-sighted contributions to meteorology and the development of computers with meteorological applications and for the organization and support of the first research group for numerical weather forecast ( for his farsighted contribution to the science of meteorology and the national interests in developing the modern, high-speed electronic computer with meteorological application as an ultimate aim, and for his support and encouragement in organizing the world's first research group in numerical weather prediction ).

1960: Jacob Bjerknes and Erik Palmén for their pioneering work and research contributions on atmospheric dynamics and synoptic aerology, which provided a general picture of the circulation of the atmosphere ( for their pioneering and distinguished research contributions in atmospheric dynamics and synoptic aerology, which have given a unified picture of the general circulation of the atmosphere ).

1961: Victor P. Starr for more than ten years of outstanding basic research to better understand the general circulation of the atmosphere ( for his more than a decade of outstanding fundamental research leading to a better understanding of the general circulation of the atmosphere ).

1962: Bernhard Haurwitz for the important advances due to his research in dynamic meteorology over a wide range of phenomena, among many others the long waves in the west wind zone, the circulation in the upper atmosphere, local and daily phenomena and hurricanes ( for the substantial advances due to his research in dynamic meteorology over a wide range of subjects, including among many the long waves in the westerlies, the circulation of the high atmosphere, local and diurnal effects, and hurricanes ).

1963: Harry Wexler (posthumously), for his contributions to the knowledge of the heat balance of the atmosphere and the dynamic generation of anticyclones, for his interdisciplinary studies in meteorology, oceanography and glaciology and for his outstanding leadership of international programs in meteorology ( for his contributions to knowledge of the atmosphere heat balance and dynamic anticyclogenesis, for his interdisciplinary studies in meteorology, oceanography, and glaciology, and for his outstanding leadership in international programs in the atmospheric sciences ).

1964: Jule G. Charney for the long and distinguished list of his contributions to theoretical meteorology and the science of the atmosphere. In addition to his role as a major scientific stimulus in the development of dynamic weather forecasting, Professor Charney's research led to a more fundamental understanding of the general circulation of the atmosphere, hydrodynamic instabilities, the structure of hurricanes, the dynamics of ocean currents, the propagation of wave energy, and many other aspects of geophysics Hydrodynamics. In its scientific breadth and depth, the work of Prof. Charney contributed significantly to the status of meteorology as an exact science ( for his long and distinguished record of outstanding contributions to theoretical meteorology and related atmospheric sciences. Apart from acting as a strong scientific stimulus to the development of dynamical weather prediction, Professor Charney's research has led the way to a more fundamental understanding of the atmosphere's general circulation, hydrodynamical instability, the structure of hurricanes, the dynamics of ocean currents, the propagation of wave energy, and many other aspects of geophysical fluid mechanics. In its scientific depth and breadth, Professor Charney's work has contributed significantly to the study of meteorology as an exact science ).

1965: Arnt Eliassen for his many important contributions to dynamic meteorology, which brought an elegance and clarity to the field of research. Among these are his research on free and thermally driven circulations, numerical weather forecast, the formation of fronts and the propagation of shear and acoustic gravity waves in layered media ( for his many important contributions to dynamical meteorology, through which he has brought a new elegance and clarity into the subject. Noteworthy among these are his research on free and thermally driven circulations, on numerical weather prediction, on frontogenesis, and on shear and gravitational-acoustic wave propagation in stratified media ).

1966: Zdeněk Sekera for his many contributions on the dynamics of the atmosphere, including studies on waves at interfaces, the dynamics of the jet stream and in particular his studies on the brightness and polarization of scattered light in the atmosphere, which lead to an extension and application of the general theory of Radiative transports conducted by Subramanyan Chandrasekhar and its application to atmospheric phenomena. This led to the calculation of table works by Sekera and colleagues, which, in the words of Chandrasekhar, led to a complete solution of the problem of sky blue originally formulated by Lord Rayleigh in 1871 ( for his numerous contributions to the dynamics of the atmosphere, which comprise studies of waves at interfaces, of the dynamics of the atmospheric jet stream, and especially of the brightness and polarization of sky light in a scattering atmosphere which led to the extension and application of Chandrasekhar's general theory of radiative transfer to atmospheric problems. This work led to the computation of tables by Sekera and his coworkers. With the publication of these tables, in Chandrasekhar's words, "The problem that was formulated by Rayleigh in 1871 has now at last found its complete solution").

1967: Dave Fultz for his outstanding pioneering research over the past 20 years that led to experimental laboratory techniques in dynamic meteorology. Through their example and their use in teaching, these techniques were the root of almost all previous model studies on general circulation ( for his outstanding and pioneering research over the past 20 years, which has resulted in laboratory experimental techniques in dynamic meteorology. Through example and personal instruction, these techniques have been the root of nearly all of the modeling studies of the general circulation that have been carried out to date ).

1968: Verner E. Suomi for his imagination, ingenuity and skill in developing various meteorological sensors that turned satellite meteorology from dream to reality. His Spin Scan Camera gave us the most comprehensive view of the atmosphere as a whole and has already led to the revision of the ideas about circulation in the lower atmosphere ( for his imagination, ingenuity, and versatility in conceiving and designing diverse meteorological sensors which have helped to transform the satellite as a meteorological probe from a dream to a reality. His Spin-Scan camera has given us our most comprehensive views of the atmosphere as an entity, and has already led to revised ideas concerning the circulation in lower latitudes ).

1969: Edward N. Lorenz for his fundamental innovations in dynamic meteorology and his enlightening perspectives on promoting the understanding of the atmosphere as a physical system ( for his fundamental innovations in dynamic meteorology and his enlightening perspectives in advancing our understanding of the atmosphere as a physical system ) .

1970: Hsiao-Lan Kuo for his basic research in atmospheric dynamics, from his dissertation on the stability of barotropic flows to research on general circulation, theory of the formation of hurricanes, thermal convection, interaction of the atmosphere with the earth's surface and many other significant topics ( for his fundamental research in atmospheric dynamics, beginning with his thesis on the stability of barotropic flow and continuing on the general circulation, the theory of hurricane formation, thermal convection, interaction of the atmosphere with the earth's surface, and on many other topics of great importance ) .

1971: Norman A. Phillips for his introduction of new research directions that expanded the field of dynamic meteorology, his development of a two-layer model that enabled the numerical prediction of systems in the making, and the diagnosis of nonlinear instabilities and methods of dealing with them, which made possible the numerical simulation of general circulation. Previously, he had pioneered this in extending it to infinite systems. ( for his introduction of new lines of study which have served to enlarge the scope of dynamic meteorology, his construction of a two-layer model making numerical prediction of developing systems feasible, and his diagnosis of nonlinear instability and prescription for dealing with it, permitting numerical simulation of the general circulation, which he had previously pioneered to be extended to infinite range ).

1972: Joseph Smagorinsky for his creative leadership role in numerical modeling of general circulation in the atmosphere ( for his creative leadership in numerical modeling of the general circulation of the atmosphere ).

1973: Christian E. Junge for his fruitful research and international leadership in the study of atmospheric aerosols and the chemistry of the atmosphere, which advances our knowledge of the stratospheric sulphate layer, the aerosol in the stratospheric background, and the intricate problems of the distribution of marine aerosols and others Topics of the chemical balance of the atmosphere expanded ) ( for his productive investigations and international leadership in the study of atmospheric aerosols and atmospheric chemistry that have increased our knowledge of the stratospheric sulphate layer, the background tropospheric aerosol, the intricacies of marine aerosol distribution, and other topics important to the chemical budgets of the atmosphere ).

1974: Heinz H. Lettau for his outstanding research achievements that led to a more complete understanding of the first mile of the atmosphere. His work has been praised for his remarkable ingenuity and extraordinary determination, from his original concept of the stability length scale to his pioneering contributions in boundary layer dynamics, turbulent transfer, in climatology and surface modification on microscales ( for his outstanding research achievements leading to a fuller understanding of the atmosphere's first mile. From his original concept of the stability length scale to his pioneering contributions in boundary-layer dynamics, turbulent transfer, climatology, and microscale surface modification, his work has been characterized by remarkable ingenuity and extraordinary dedication to purpose ).

1975: Charles HB Priestley for fundamental contributions to the understanding of turbulent processes and the connections between small-scale and large-scale dynamics in the atmosphere ( for his fundamental contributions to the understanding of turbulent processes and the links between small-scale and large-scale dynamics in the atmosphere ).

1976: Hans A. Panofsky for his many fundamental contributions to the understanding of turbulent processes and connections between small-scale and large-scale dynamics in the atmosphere ( for his many fundamental contributions to the understanding of turbulent processes and the links between small-scale and large-scale dynamics in the atmosphere ).

1977: Akio Arakawa for his formulation of physically realistic methods to incorporate convective clouds and boundary-layer processes into large-scale prediction models of the atmosphere and his contributions to numerical weather forecast ( for his formulation of physically realistic methods to incorporate convective clouds and boundary-layer processes into large-scale prediction models of the atmosphere and for his contributions in numerical methods of weather prediction ).

1978: James W. Deardorff for his creative research on the structure of convective atmospheric boundary layers and their application to prediction models and diffusion ( for his imaginative research on the structure of the convective atmospheric boundary layer and its applications to prediction models and diffusion ).

1979: Herbert Riehl for his outstanding analyzes of tropical phenomena, from studies on special cloud shapes, tropical low pressure areas and hurricanes to trade wind inversion and Hadley circulation. These studies have enhanced our understanding of large parts of the atmosphere. ( for his outstanding analyzes of tropical phenomena, ranging from studies of individual clouds, tropical depressions, and hurricanes, to the trade-wind inversion and the Hadley circulation. These studies have greatly advanced our understanding of a major portion of the atmosphere ).

1980: Sean A. Twomey for extensive contributions to the development of many areas of atmospheric science, including aerosol physics, radiative transport, and satellite remote sensing ( for extensive contributions to the development of many areas of atmospheric science, including aerosol and cloud physics, radiative transfer, and remote sensing from satellites ).

1981: Roscoe R. Braham Jr. for his notable contributions in research and research organization in the study of complex convective systems ( for his notable contributions in research and effective leadership in the study of complex convective systems ).

1982: Cecil E. Leith for his fundamental contributions to the theory of statistical hydrodynamics and its application to the predictability of weather and climate ( for his fundamental contributions to the theory of statistical hydrodynamics and its application to the assessment of weather and climate predictability ).

1983: Joanne Simpson for her outstanding contributions to our understanding of convective clouds and the role of convection in the formation and maintenance of hurricanes and other tropical oceanic wind systems ( for her outstanding contributions to our understanding of convective clouds, and the role of convection in the formation and maintenance of hurricanes and other wind systems over tropical oceans ).

1984: Bert R. Bolin for his outstanding research that advanced our understanding of the atmosphere and oceans as an environment, for significant contributions to the understanding of global geochemical cycles and his international leadership role and scientific organization of the Global Atmospheric Research Program. ( for his outstanding research enlarging our understanding of the atmosphere and oceans as a milieu, for valuable contributions to the understanding of global geochemical cycles, and for his international leadership in scientific planning of the Global Atmospheric Research Program )

1985: Tiruvalam N. Krishnamurti for fundamental contributions to the understanding of the structure and evolution of the tropical atmosphere, especially the monsoons and his international leadership role in the Global Atmospheric Research Program ( for fundamental contributions to the understanding of the structure and evolution of the tropical atmosphere, especially the monsoons, and for international leadership in the Global Atmospheric Research Program ).

1986: Douglas K. Lilly for sustainable contributions and his skilful leadership role in establishing the scientific basis for meteorology on small and medium scales including convection, gravity waves and boundary layer turbulence ( for sustained contributions and skilled leadership in establishing the scientific foundations of small and mesoscale meteorology including convection, gravity waves, and boundary layer turbulence ).

1987: Michael E. McIntyre for his original and innovative work, which promoted our theoretical and conceptual understanding of the stratosphere ( for his original and innovative works furthering our theoretical and conceptual understanding of the stratosphere ).

1988: Brian J. Hoskins atmospheric for many important contributions to numerical modeling and understanding dynamics ( for Numerous major contributions to numerical modeling and to the understanding of atmospheric dynamics ).

1989: Richard J. Reed for significant contributions to the understanding of polar lows, tropical waves, and the lower stratosphere in the tropics ( for major contributions to our understanding of polar lows, tropical waves, and the tropical lower stratosphere ).

1990: Yale Mintz for his outstanding leadership role in global modeling of climate and his role as an inspiring teacher for several generations of scientists ( for preeminent leadership in the global modeling of climate, and for inspiring tutelage of several generations of scientists ).

1991: Kikuro Miyakoda for outstanding contributions to expanding the time frame of numerical weather prediction to weeks, months, and seasons ( for outstanding contributions toward extending the time range of numerical weather prediction to weeks, months, and seasons ).

1992: Syukuro Manabe for his contributions to the understanding of climate dynamics and its pioneering role in the numerical prediction of climate change ( for his contributions to the understanding of climate dynamics and his pioneering role in numerical prediction of climate change ).

1993: John M. Wallace for innovative and sustainable contributions to the understanding of large-scale atmospheric circulation ( for innovative and consequential contributions to the understanding of large-scale atmospheric circulations ).

1994: Jerry D. Mahlman for pioneer work in the application of general circulation models to understand transport and dynamics in the stratosphere ( for pioneering work in the application of general circulation models to the understanding of stratospheric dynamics and transport ).

1995: Chester W. Newton for fundamental research contributions in the areas of structure and dynamics of jet streams, fronts, cyclones, heavy storms and convective systems on a medium scale and the general circulation behavior of the atmosphere ( for fundamental research contributions in the areas of the structure and dynamics of jet streams, fronts, cyclones, severe storms, and mesoconvective systems; and the behavior of the general circulation of the atmosphere ).

1996: David Atlas for a brilliant and sustained leadership role in the field of radar meteorology, for important contributions to the physics of clouds and meteorology on a medium scale and for his inspiration for a new generation of scientists in these fields ( for brilliant and sustained leadership in the field of radar meteorology, for important contributions to cloud physics and mesoscale meteorology, and for inspiring new generations of scientists in these fields ).

1997: Robert E. Dickinson for his broad and important contributions to atmospheric dynamics and the science of the earth as a system ( for his wide-ranging and important contributions to atmospheric dynamics and to earth system science ).

1998: Barry Saltzman for his lifelong contributions to the study of global circulation and evolution of Earth's climate ( for his lifelong contributions to the study of the global circulation and the evolution of the earth's climate ).

1999: Taroh Matsuno for fundamental contributions to the theory of waves and their averaged interaction in geophysical systems ( for fundamental contributions to the theory of waves and wave mean flow interaction in geophysical systems ).

2000: Susan Solomon for fundamental contributions to the understanding of the chemistry of the atmosphere and the elucidation of the riddle of the Antarctic ozone hole ( for fundamental contributions to understanding the chemistry of the stratosphere and unraveling the mystery of the Antarctic ozone hole ).

2001: James R. Holton for outstanding contributions to the dynamics of the stratosphere through theoretical advances, insightful use of models and contributions to important measurement programs ( for outstanding advances in the dynamics of the stratosphere through theoretical advances, perceptive use of models, and contributions to key measurement programs ).

2002: Veerabhadran Ramanathan for fundamental insights into the role of clouds, aerosols and important gases for radiation processes in the earth's climate ( for fundamental insights into the radiative roles of clouds, aerosols, and key gases in the earth's climate system ).

2003: Keith A. Browning for his leadership role in international programs and the merging of observation and models for synoptic and medium-scale systems and pioneering research in short-range prediction ( for leadership in international programs and synthesis of observations and models dealing with synoptic and mesoscale systems, and for pioneering research on short-range forecasting ).

2004: Peter J. Webster for long-term contributions to the understanding of the general circulation of the tropical atmosphere-ocean systems, through in-depth research contributions and an exemplary scientific leadership role ( for enduring contributions to understanding the general circulation of the tropical atmosphere-ocean system, through insightful research and exemplary scientific leadership ).

2005: Jagdish Shukla for fundamental contributions and an inspiring leadership role in understanding the variability and predictability of the climate system on time scales from seasons to global dimensions ( for fundamental contributions and inspired leadership in understanding the variability and predictability of the climate system on seasonal-to-international time scales ).

2006: Robert A. Houze for fundamental and long-term contributions to the understanding of a broad spectrum of precipitation systems, their interaction with large-scale circulation and his leadership role in field study programs ( for fundamental and enduring contributions towards the understanding of the broad spectrum of precipitation systems, their interactions with larger scale circulations, and for his leadership of field programs ).

2007: Kerry Emanuel for fundamental contributions to the science of moisture convection, which led to a deeper understanding of tropical cyclones, weather systems in mid-latitudes and climate dynamics ( for fundamental contributions to the science of moist convection that have led to a new and deeper understanding of tropical cyclones, midlatitude weather systems, and climate dynamics ).

2008: Isaac M. Held for fundamental insights into the dynamics of the earth's climate through the study of idealized dynamic models and extensive climate simulations ( for fundamental insights into the dynamics of the Earth's climate through studies of idealized dynamical models and comprehensive climate simulations ).

2009: James Hansen for outstanding contribution to climate modeling, the understanding of external influences and sensitivity to climate change and clear presentation of climate science to the public ( for outstanding contributions to climate modeling, understanding climate change forcings and sensitivity, and for clear communication of climate science in the public arena ).

2010: Tim Palmer for fundamental contributions to the understanding of the role of nonlinear processes in the predictability of weather and climate and the development of tools for estimating the predictability ( for fundamental contributions to understanding the role of nonlinear processes in the predictability of weather and climate, and for developing tools for estimating such predictability ).

2011: Joseph B. Klemp for clarifying the dynamics of lee waves and thunderstorms and his contributions to the improvement of numerical techniques and models ( for illuminating the dynamics of mountain waves and thunderstorms, and for his contributions to improvements in numerical techniques and community models ).

2012: John C. Wyngaard atmospheric for outstanding contributions to measurement, simulation and understanding turbulence ( for outstanding contributions to measuring, simulating, and understanding atmospheric turbulence ).

2013: Dennis L. Hartmann for significant contributions to the knowledge of radiation and dynamic processes that led to a deeper understanding of the climate system ( for significant contributions to the synthesis of knowledge of radiative and dynamical processes leading to a deeper understanding of the climate system ) .

2014: Owen Brian Toon for fundamental contributions to the understanding of the role of clouds and aerosols in the climate of the Earth and on other planets ( for fundamental contributions toward understanding the role of clouds and aerosols in the climates of Earth and other planets ).

2015: Bin Wang for creative insights that led to significant advances in the understanding of tropical and monsoonal processes and their predictability ( for creative insights leading to important advances in the understanding of tropical and monsoonal processes and their predictability ).

2016: Edward J. Zipser for fundamental contributions to tropical meteorology through insightful analysis of observed data from moisture convection systems and his sustained leadership role in air reconnaissance programs ( for fundamental contributions to tropical meteorology through insightful analysis of observed moist convective systems, and for his sustained leadership in airborne field programs ).

2017: Richard Rotunno For elegant, rigorous work that has fundamentally increased our understanding of mesoscale and synoptic-scale dynamics, especially the role of vorticity in the atmosphere.

2018: Kuo-Nan Liou For intellectual leadership and seminal contributions to improving the theory and application of atmospheric radiative transfer and its interactions with clouds and aerosols.

2019: Inez Y. Fung For fundamental and pioneering contributions to understanding biosphere-atmosphere interactions through modeling and data assimilation approaches to synthesizing surface and space-based measurements.

2020: Julia M. Slingo For cutting-edge research on the physics and dynamics of the tropical atmosphere, leading to significant advances in seamless weather and climate modeling.

2021: David S. Battisti For original, insightful contributions to understanding climate variability for phenomena ranging from the El Niño / Southern Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation to paleoclimate.

Web links

Official website (with search function for the award winners, which also provides the laudatory speech)

↑ 2021 Awards and Honors Recipients. In: ametsoc.org. American Meteorological Society, accessed August 7, 2020 .

[1] 2021 Awards and Honors Recipients. In: ametsoc.org. American Meteorological Society, accessed August 7, 2020 .