Syukuro Manabe

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Syukuro Manabe (May 2018)

Syukuro Manabe ( Japanese 真 鍋 淑 郎 , Manabe Shukurō ; born September 21, 1931 in Ehime Prefecture ) is a Japanese meteorologist and climatologist . He pioneered the use of computers to simulate climate change, both in terms of natural climate change and in terms of anthropogenic global warming .

Professional background

Born in 1931, Manabe received his PhD from the University of Tokyo in 1958. He came to the United States , where he worked in the General Circulation Research department of the US Weather Bureau until 1997 . It is now the NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory . From 1997 to 2001 he worked on the Frontier Research System for Global Change in Japan; he was the director of a research division responsible for studying global warming. In 2002 he returned to the United States to serve as a visiting scholar in Princeton University's Atmospheric and Ocean Science Research Program .

Scientific successes

Manabe worked with the director of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory of NOAA , Joseph Smagorinsky together. He developed three-dimensional models of the earth's atmosphere first in Washington, DC and later in Princeton (New Jersey) . In 1967 he and Richard Wetherald showed that an increasing carbon dioxide content in the earth's atmosphere leads to an increase in the altitude at which the earth radiates heat into space. In 1969 Manabe and Kirk Bryan published the results of the world's first climate simulation with a coupled ocean-atmosphere model in which the influence of oceanic heat transport on the global climate was also taken into account.

In the 1970s and 1980s, the group around Manabe published groundbreaking work; In doing so, they used their climate models to investigate climate sensitivity , i.e. the sensitivity of the climate to changes in greenhouse gas concentrations. This work was an essential part of the first expert opinion on global warming prepared by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change .

He made other significant contributions, among other things, with the idea that the earth's climate could have more than one stable state and by showing that the change between such states could be brought about with the help of a relatively realistic model by melting ice caps.

Awards

Manabe is a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences and a foreign member of the Academia Europaea and the Royal Society of Canada . In 1977 he was honored with the Jule G. Charney Award . In 1992, he was the first to receive the Asahi Foundation's Blue Planet Prize . In 1995 he was honored with the Asahi Prize . In 1997 he was awarded the Volvo Environmental Prize by the Volvo Foundation . He was also honored with the Carl-Gustaf Rossby Research Medal of the American Meteorological Society , the Roger Revelle Medal of the American Geophysical Union and the Milutin Milankovic Medal of the European Geophysical Society . In 2010 he received the William Bowie Medal, the highest award from the American Geophysical Union. For 2015 he was awarded the Benjamin Franklin Medal of the Franklin Institute , for 2008 the Crafoord Prize and for 2016 the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Awards .

Trivia

  • The research group initiated by Manabe is now known as the Climate Dynamics and Prediction Group (GFDL).
  • Manabe and Bryan's pioneering work in developing the first global climate model was voted one of NOAA's top ten scientific breakthroughs in the past 200 years.
  • On the occasion of his retirement from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory at NOAA, a three-day scientific meeting was held in his honor in Princeton in March 1998. It was entitled "Understanding Climate Change: A Symposium In Honor Of Syukuro Manabe"
  • The 2005 American Meteorological Society's annual meeting included a special event called the Suki Manabe Symposium .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Syukuro Manabe, Richard T. Wetherald: Thermal Equilibrium of the Atmosphere with a Given Distribution of Relative Humidity . In: J. Atmospheric Sciences . 24, 1967, pp. 241-259. doi : 10.1175 / 1520-0469 (1967) 024 <0241: TEOTAW> 2.0.CO; 2 . Retrieved January 25, 2013.
  2. ↑ Syukuro Manabe, Kirk Bryan: Climate Calculations with a Combined Ocean-Atmosphere Model . (pdf) In: Journal of Atmos. Sci . May 26, 1969, pp. 786-789. doi : 10.1175 / 1520-0469 (1969) 026 <0786: CCWACO> 2.0.CO; 2 . Retrieved January 25, 2013.
  3. ↑ Syukuro Manabe, Ronald J. Stouffer: Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere . In: Journal of Geophysical Research . 85, No. C10, January 1980, pp. 5529-5554. doi : 10.1029 / JC085iC10p05529 . Retrieved January 26, 2013.
  4. ↑ Syukuro Manabe, Ronald J. Stouffer: Two Stable Equilibria of a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model . (pdf) In: J. Climate . 1, 1988, pp. 841-866. doi : 10.1175 / 1520-0442 (1988) 001 <0841: TSEOAC> 2.0.CO; 2 . Retrieved January 26, 2013.
  5. ↑ Syukuro Manabe, Ronald J. Stouffer: Simulation of abrupt climate change induced by freshwater input to the North Atlantic Ocean . (pdf) In: Nature . 378, November 1995, pp. 165-167. doi : 10.1038 / 378165a0 . Retrieved January 26, 2013.
  6. ↑ The Winners of the Blue Planet Price (PDF; 6.9 MB) The Asahi Glass Foundation. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
  7. ^ The Asahi Prize, Asahi Prize recipients . Asahi.com. Retrieved January 26, 2013.
  8. ^ Volvo Environment Price, Laureates 1997: Syukuru Manabe, Veerabhadran Ramanathan . The Volvo Environment Prize Foundation. Retrieved February 24, 2020.
  9. ^ Roger Revelle Medal, Past Recipients . American Geophysical Union. Retrieved January 31, 2013.
  10. ^ EGS Milutin Milankovic´ Medalist - 1998 . European Geophysical Society. Retrieved January 31, 2013.
  11. ↑ 2010 William Bowie Medal Winner Syukuro Manabe . American Geophysical Union. Retrieved January 26, 2013.
  12. ^ NOAA celebrates 200 years of science, service and stewardship . NOAA. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
  13. ↑ UNDERSTANDING CLIMATE CHANGE: A SYMPOSIUM IN HONOR OF SYUKURO MANABE . Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
  14. ^ The Suki Manabe Symposium . American Meteorological Society. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
personal data
SURNAME Manabe, Syukuro
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 真 鍋 淑 郎 (Japanese); Manabe Shukurō
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Japanese meteorologist and climatologist
DATE OF BIRTH September 21, 1931
PLACE OF BIRTH Ehime prefecture