Carl Nikolai Starcke

Carl Nicolai Starcke

Carl Nikolai Starcke (born March 29, 1858 in Copenhagen ; † March 7, 1926 there ) was a Danish sociologist , politician , educator and philosopher . Starcke was a Freemason .

Life

Starcke received his doctorate in 1883 with a thesis on Ludwig Feuerbach . In 1916 he became professor of philosophy at the University of Copenhagen against the resistance of Harald Høffding .

He was initially a member of the liberal Venstre party . In 1905 he was a co-founder of the social liberal party Det Radikalische Venstre . He was also dissatisfied with this party and was therefore involved in the founding of Danmarks Retsforbund , which from 1913 to 1919 partially belonged to Venstre and in 1919 became an independent party. During this time he was also a member of the Folketing . From 1913 to 1916 he was chairman of the Henry George foreningen .

pedagogy

In 1899 Starcke founded the Det Danske Selskabs Skole in Frederiksberg , the first free school in Europe where you could take the Abitur. This school existed until 1911.

"The Primitive Family in Its Origin and Development"

Family sociology

Starcke's best-known book is The Primitive Family in Its Origin and Development , published in 1888 . In it he examined the social structures of different populations in Africa, Australia and Asia, and compared them with one another.

Starcke wrote about this book:

"The purpose of my work is: to recognize the primitive family and to demonstrate the ideas on which it is built and the seeds of moral growth that it contains."

Comparative method

Starcke turned against the speculative construction of history and wants to replace it with the use of the comparative method . He objects to a misunderstanding of this method:

"We cannot interpret the same legends and myths, the same social institutions, customs and manners as evidence of common origin, because such similarities can be the result of causes that can come into existence completely independently in several places and at different times."

With the comparative method, according to Starcke, one cannot infer a common origin, but the same relationships.

Source criticism

He also examined the quality of the source material and addressed the question of why authors come to different results with the same sources.

Starcke distinguished four categories of sources:

• direct historical reports of the development of a single community during a certain period of time,
• Travel stories,
• old written down laws and customs and
• ancient myths and legends as well as archaeological reports.

He refers to the problem of interpolating inferences about times for which no sources are available.

Works

• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Ludwig Feuerbach (PDF; 5.9 MB) Stuttgart: F. Enke 1885.
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: The primitive family in their origin and development (PDF; 20.3 MB) Leipzig: Brockhaus 1888.

English translation: Starcke, Carl Nicolai: The primitive family in its origin and development New York: D. Appleton 1889

French translation: Starcke, Carl Nicolai: La famille primitive: ses origines et son développement (PDF; 10.2 MB) Paris: Félix Alcan 1891.

• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: etiquette theory basics . 1889
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Skepticismen som led i de aandelige bevægelser siden reformationen 1890
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Samvittighedslivet; en Fremdstilling af principerne for menneskeligt samfundsliv København: Brødrene Salmonsen 1st half 1894 (PDF; 21.0 MB), 2nd half 1896–1897 Record in the LCCN
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: La famille dans les différentes sociétés (PDF; 17.1 MB) Paris: V. Giard & E. Brière 1899, evidence in the LCCN
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Freemasonry as an art of living . Berlin: Franz Wunder 1911.
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Personlighedens moral og de moralske problemer i nutiden, Copenhagen and Kristiania: Gyldendal 1912, evidence in the LCCN
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Freemasonry, its historical development and cultural significance among the various peoples . Hamburg: Badeacher 1913 Record in the German National Library
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Verdenskrigen; hvorfor com den, hvortil fører den. København, V. Prior, 1914, evidence in Worldcat
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Psykologi, Kjøbenhavn og Kristiania: Gyldendal 1916, evidence in the LCCN
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Typer af den filosofiske Tænknings Historie, Copenhagen 1918, evidence in Worldcat
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Den sociale uro og den evige fred, Copenhagen and Kristiania: Gyldendal 1920, evidence in the LCCN
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Baruch de Spinoza . Copenhagen: Gyldendal 1923 reference in the German National Library ,
  short review in Annalen der Philosophie and philosophical criticism, 4th vol., H. 1./2., Kant: Festschrift 1924, p. 17, Springer Online at JSTOR
• Starcke, Carl Nicolai: Lovene for samfundsudviklingen og de sociale idealer, Levin & Munksgaard, Copenhagen 1927, evidence in the Worldcat

English translation: Laws of social evolution and social ideals. Levin & Munksgaard 1932

Individual evidence

1. ^ The Danske store
2. ^ The Danske store
3. ↑ Den Danske Henry George Forening: The Danske Henry George Forenings pionerer ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
4. ↑ Den Danske Henry George Forening: The Danske Henry George Forenings pionerer ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
5. ↑ Starcke, Carl Nikolai: The primitive family in their creation and development. Leipzig: Brockhaus 1888, v
6. ↑ Starcke, Carl Nikolai: The primitive family in their creation and development. Leipzig: Brockhaus 1888, 1
7. ↑ Starcke, Carl Nikolai: The primitive family in their creation and development. Leipzig: Brockhaus 1888, 2
8. ↑ Starcke, Carl Nikolai: The primitive family in their creation and development. Leipzig: Brockhaus 1888, 2
9. ↑ Starcke, Carl Nikolai: The primitive family in their creation and development. Leipzig: Brockhaus 1888, 3
10. ↑ Starcke, Carl Nikolai: The primitive family in their creation and development. Leipzig: Brockhaus 1888, 3 f.
11. ↑ Starcke, Carl Nikolai: The primitive family in their creation and development. Leipzig: Brockhaus 1888, 4 f.