Carl Stooss

Carl Stooss (also: Carl Stooß) (born October 13, 1849 in Bern , † February 24, 1934 in Graz ) was a Swiss criminal lawyer . He is considered the intellectual creator of the Swiss penal code .

Life

Carl Stooss was born in Bern, attended school there and began studying law at the University of Bern in 1868 . He joined the Zofingia student fraternity and was its Central President from 1871–1872. After semesters abroad at the Universities of Leipzig and Heidelberg, he completed his studies in 1873 with the examination to become an advocate . He then worked as a lawyer, court president and from 1879 as a private lecturer in Bernese procedural and civil procedure law at the University of Bern. In 1882 he was elected full professor for criminal law, criminal procedure and civil procedure law. In 1885 he resigned his office, temporarily became a member of the Bernese Higher Court and in 1890 was again elected Professor of Comparative Swiss and Federal Criminal Law in Bern.

Between 1890 and 1896 he worked on behalf of the Federal Department of Justice and Police on the standardization and reform of Swiss criminal law legislation. In 1890 he presented a source book on the cantonal criminal law systems, and two years later two volumes on the basics of Swiss criminal law . Finally, in 1893, he published the preliminary draft for a general part of the Swiss Criminal Code , which was the basis for the Swiss Criminal Code that came into force in 1942. In it, he suggested adding a system of measures to the traditional system of penalties, which had a major impact on European criminal policy in the 20th century.

For economic reasons he was appointed professor of criminal law at the University of Vienna in 1896. In 1919 he retired. From 1923 he lived on the Austrian state pension granted to him in Graz , where he died at the age of 84.

In 1936 the Stooßgasse in Vienna- Floridsdorf (21st district) was named after him.

Most important works

• The Swiss penal codes compiled for comparison. Basel and Geneva, 1890.
• The basics of Swiss criminal law. Comparative presented on behalf of the Federal Council. Basel and Geneva, 1892–1893. ( online, PDF)
• Preliminary draft for a Swiss penal code: general part. Prepared by Carl Stooss on behalf of the Federal Council. Basel and Geneva, 1893.
• Surgical Operation and Medical Treatment: A Criminal Study . Berlin, 1898.
• Textbook of Austrian criminal law . 1908 (2nd edition 1913).
• Carl Stooss , Contemporary Law in Self-Representations, Volume 2, Leipzig, 1924.

literature

• Ernst Hafter : Carl Stoos 1949–1934. In: Swiss lawyers for the past hundred years. Schulthess, Zurich 1945, p. 361 ff.

Web links

• Literature by and about Carl Stooss in the catalog of the German National Library
• Christoph Zürcher: Stooss, Carl. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Literature by Carl Stooss in the catalog of the Swiss National Library

Individual evidence

1. ^ Carl Stooss: autobiography, 1924, pp. 20f.