Hoofed clams

Hoofed clams
Chama lazarus
Systematics
Subclass : Heterodonta Euheterodonta Superordinate : Imparidentia Order : Superfamily : Chamoidea Family : Hoofed clams
Scientific name
Chamidae
Lamarck , 1809

Chama lazarus

The Hufmuscheln (Chamidae) even Gien shells or cloth shells called, are a living in the sea family of shells from the subclass of Heterodonta . The family has been known since the Upper Cretaceous ( Campanium ). It currently (2016) includes around 70 recent species.

features

The small to medium-sized housings, which are unevenly folded, are irregularly round or ovoid in outline. The animals live either temporarily or permanently with one, usually the left flap ( pseudochama with the right flap), firmly cemented on a hard base. The lower flap is arched and cup-shaped, the upper flap is flat and lid-shaped. The vertebrae are bent forward in a wide spiral.

The externally lying ligament is arched like an arch and lies on nymphs. The lock has a main tooth in each valve (sometimes there are two main teeth in one valve), and occasionally weak lateral teeth. Two sphincters of almost the same size are formed. A jacket bay is missing.

The aragonitic and in some species also z. T. calcitic shell is usually thick-walled and very firm. The microstructure of the shell usually consists of cross lamellas. The surface has a strong concentric or radial sculpture, which is often reinforced to form lamellae or flat or rounded spikes. They are often very brightly colored.

The siphons are short and separated from each other. The foot is greatly reduced. In the edge of the mantle are sensory organs.

Geographical distribution and habitat

The species of the clam family occur from the warm temperate to the tropical seas. They live in the shallow water of coral reefs and other hard substrates, but also in greater water depths.

Taxonomy

This family group taxon was proposed as Les camacées by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in 1809 . Since the name was ascribed to Lamarck in the later Latinization, Lamarck is considered to be the author of the taxon.

• Family Chamidae Lamarck, 1809
  • Amphichama Got, 1964
  • Arcinella Schumacher, 1817
    • Arcinella californica (Dall, 1903)
  • Carditochama Matsukuma, 1996
  • Chama Linnaeus, 1758
    • Chama lazarus Linnaeus, 1758
    • Chama gryphoides Linnaeus, 1758
  • Eopseuma Odhner, 1919
  • Pseudochama Odhner, 1917
    • Pseudochama corrugata (Broderip, 1835)
    • Pseudochama cristella (Lamarck, 1819)
    • Pseudochama gryphina Lamarck, 1819

supporting documents

literature

• Michael Amler, Rudolf Fischer & Nicole Rogalla: Mussels. Haeckel-Bücherei, Volume 5. Enke Verlag, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-13-118391-8 (p. 102 Überfamilie Chamoidea).
• S. Peter Dance, Rudo von Cosel (arrangement of the German edition): The great book of sea shells. 304 p., Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1977 ISBN 3-8001-7000-0 (p. 242)
• Markus Huber: Compendium of Bivalves. 901 S., Hackenheim, ConchBooks, 2010 ISBN 978-3-939767-28-2
• Rudolf Kilias: Lexicon marine mussels and snails. 2nd edition, 340 p., Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-8001-7332-8 (p. 64)
• Raymond Cecil Moore (Ed.): Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Mollusca, 6, Part N, Bivalvia 2. XXXVIII S., S.N491-951, New York, 1969 (S.N518).
• Fritz Nordsieck : The European sea shells (Bivalvia). From the Arctic Ocean to Cape Verde, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. 256 p., Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1969 (p. 95)
• Guido Poppe and Yoshihiro Goto: European Seashells Volume 2 (Scaphopoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda) . 221 pp., Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden 1993 (2000 unc. Reprint), ISBN 3925919104 (p. 84)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Yasuo Kondo, Shin-ichi Sano: Origination of extant heteroconch families: Ecological and environmental patterns in post-Paleozoic bivalve diversification. Palaeontological Research, 13: 39-44, Tokyo 2009 doi : 10.2517 / 1342-8144-13.1.039
2. ^ Eugene V. Coan, Paul Valentich-Scott: Bivalve Seashells of Tropical West America marine Bivalve mollusks from Baja california to Northern Perú. Part 1,598 pp., Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara 2012, ISBN 978-0-936494-43-2 (pp. 427ff.)
3. ↑ N. Hamada, A. Matsukuma: A new species of Japanese Chama (Bivalvia: Heterodonta) with a calcitic outermost layer. Venus, 64 (1-2): 11-21.
4. ^ Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck: Philosophy zoologique. Vol. 1, XXV + 428 S., Dentu, Paris, 1809 Online at Google Books (p. 318).
5. ↑ MolluscaBase: Chamidae Lamarck, 1809

Web links

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