Chama gryphoides
| Chama gryphoides | ||||||||||||
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Chama gryphoides |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Chama gryphoides | ||||||||||||
| Linnaeus , 1758 |
Chama gryphoides is a type of shell from the family of the hoofed clams (Chamidae).
features
The unevenly hinged case reaches a size of up to 3 cm in diameter. It is irregularly round or ovoid in outline. The conch shell is firmly cemented with the left flap on a hard ground. The lower flap is larger and deepened, the upper flap, on the other hand, is flat and lies on as a lid. When looking at the firmly attached mussel, the large vertebrae are twisted in a spiral to the right.
The externally lying ligament is arched like an arch and lies on nymphs. The lock has two cardinal teeth in the upper right flap; the front one is very strong and furrowed irregularly. The posterior cardinal tooth is narrow and curved towards the dorsal margin; it then runs parallel to the ligament. There is a deep pit between the two teeth. In the lower left flap is a curved and oblique cardinal tooth and with a main pit and a second shallower pit. There are two almost equally large sphincters. A jacket bay is missing.
The aragonitic shell is usually thick-walled and very firm. The surface is covered with irregular, roughly parallel to the edge lamellae, which can be drawn out into short, flat, thorn- and leaf-shaped outgrowths. The ornamentation increases towards the edge of the case. The shell is slightly reddish in color on the outside, the inside is tinted brown-purple.
Geographical distribution and habitat
The range of the species are the waters around the southern Iberian Peninsula to Senegal (West Africa); it is also found in the Mediterranean Sea and the coastal waters of the Cape Verde Islands , the Canary Islands and the Azores . It is also proven on some seamounts of the Horseshoe Group (about 200 km southwest of the south coast of Portugal) and the Meteor Seamounts south of the Azores. According to Poppe and Goto, the species should also occur in the Indian Ocean on the East African coast, but not in the Red Sea . After Nordsieck the species was also found in the Gulf of Suez ; he does not note the alleged occurrence in East Africa.
Chama gryphoides settles in the tidal range up to about 200 meters water depth, occasionally also much deeper (up to 1250 m).
Taxonomy
The species was established by Carl von Linné as early as 1758 . The species is generally accepted and placed in the genus Chama .
supporting documents
literature
- Rudolf Kilias: Lexicon marine mussels and snails. 2nd edition, 340 p., Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1997 ISBN 3-8001-7332-8 (p. 64)
- Fritz Nordsieck : The European sea shells (Bivalvia). From the Arctic Ocean to Cape Verde, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. 256 p., Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1969 (p. 95)
- Guido Poppe. Yoshihiro Goto: European Seashells Volume 2 (Scaphopoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda) . 221 pp., Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden 1993 (2000 unc. Reprint), ISBN 3925919104 (p. 84)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b E. M. Krylova: Bivalves of seamounts of the north-eastern Atlantic. Part I. In: AN Mironov, AV Gebruk. AJ Southward (Ed.): Biogeography of the North Atlantic seamounts. Pp. 76–95, Moscow, KMK Scientific Press, 2006 PDF (ResearchGate)
- ^ Carl von Linné: Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Pp. 1-824, Holmia / Stockholm, Salvius, 1758. Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 662).
- ↑ MolluscaBase: Chama gryphoides Linnaeus, 1758
