Chinese drug therapy
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The Chinese drug therapy ( Chinese 中藥治療 / 中药治疗 , Pinyin Zhongyao zhìliáo ) is one of the five main pillars of therapy in Chinese medicine - along with the acupuncture , the Tuina , the Chinese dietetics and exercise therapies Qigong and Taijiquan .
Historical
The first reconstruction of the Chinese medicine pharmacopoeia is " Shennong's Classics of Herbal Medicine " ( Chinese神农 本草 經 / 神农 本草 经Pinyin Shénnóng Běncǎojīng). It was compiled around the year 100 CE and contains entries for 365 medicinal products. The number of known medicines had risen to 863 in 682. With Li Shizhen in 1596 it reached the impressive number of 1,892 pharmaceuticals.
The official Chinese Pharmacopoeia from 2000 contains 544 substances. Almost two thirds of these have been in use for around two thousand years.
Importance in Chinese Medicine
Within China, Chinese drug therapy is by far the most important treatment method. It is used to treat 80–90% of all diseases. This is mainly due to the fact that it is the most versatile and comprehensive therapy method in Chinese medicine.
Chinese drug therapy is based on the same principles as Chinese dietetics . In TCM it is referred to as the internal therapy method. In contrast to this, acupuncture is considered an external therapy method because here human health is influenced by an external influence - with needles.
Chinese drug therapy and acupuncture are often used together in practice.
Basics
The basis of the application of Chinese medicines is Chinese diagnostics. In addition to a detailed anamnesis, this includes a pulse and tongue diagnosis . The findings collected here are classified according to the eight guiding criteria, the disease-causing factors and the functional groups affected .
Chinese drug therapy fits like a key to the lock of Chinese diagnostics. The description of the energetic effect of a drug follows a fixed pattern. This includes the temperature behavior, the taste, the functional circuit reference and the effect of a drug.
Medicines used
Chinese medicines are exclusively of natural origin. With over 90% herbal remedies predominate, with a smaller proportion using mineral or animal medicines. A wide variety of plant parts are used in herbal medicinal products: seeds, roots, bark, branches, twigs, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. The protection of species for threatened plants and animals is strictly observed by pharmacies in Germany.
Usage types
Traditional Chinese medicines are as aqueous decoctions ( decoctions prescribed). Modern types of administration are granulates or hydrophilic concentrates. In addition, finished drug mixtures are also used in the form of pills or capsules.
Chinese medicines are almost never prescribed as single remedies. As a rule, they are put together to form a formula that consists of three to sixteen different individual drugs. A great deal of knowledge about suitable drug combinations and synergisms has accumulated through long experience in human use. This knowledge comes into play in the classic recipes.
The effect of Chinese medicines is significantly influenced by different processing methods ( paozhi ).
Areas of application
The areas of application of Chinese medicines are very diverse. The reason for this is that in China all diseases were treated with traditional medicine until the arrival of Western medicine. This tradition has remained unbroken to this day and is continued in many Asian countries and more recently in the West.
Treatment has focused on flu symptoms, respiratory diseases and infectious diseases since the earliest times. In addition, numerous internal diseases such. B. in the gastrointestinal area, allergies , gynecological diseases and skin diseases are treated with Chinese medicines.
Drug safety
Chinese drug therapy as it is practiced today is a safe therapy method. However, the prerequisite is their professional use by well-trained and further trained therapists and the use of a guaranteed drug quality.
In Germany, the quality of the drugs is guaranteed by dispensing them in specialized pharmacies. They test Chinese medicines for identity, quality and purity. In independent special laboratories, the plants are examined for contamination with heavy metals, pesticides and mold.
The Center for Therapy Safety in Chinese Medicinal Therapy (CTCA) endeavors to ensure safe therapy with Chinese medicinal products.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Guojia yaodian weiyuanhui国家 药典 委员会: Zhonghua renmin gongheguo yaodian中华人民共和国 药典 (Pharmacopoeia of the PR China) Volume 1, by Zhongguo yiyao keji chubanshe中国 医药 科技 出版社 (Chinese Publishing House for Medicine, Pharmacology, Science and Technology), Beijing 2000 .
- ↑ a b c Hempen / Fischer 2007.
- ↑ What are Po Chai Pills?
- ↑ Hempen et al. 2005.
- ↑ Michael Hoffmann, Agnes Fatrai (ed.): Chinese medicine in ear, nose and throat medicine. Urban & Fischer, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-437-57640-9 .
- ↑ Michael Wullinger, Agnes Fatrai (ed.): Allergy treatment with Chinese medicine. Munich, Elsevier, 2007, ISBN 978-3-437-57440-5 .
- ^ Website of the CTCA
literature
- Carl-Hermann Hempen , Toni Fischer: Guide to Chinese Phytotherapy (2nd edition). Munich: Elsevier, 2007, ISBN 978-3-437-31363-9 .
- Carl-Hermann Hempen, Susanne Fischer, Josef Hummelsberger, Armin Koch, Hans Leonhardy, Rainer Nögel, Christian Thede, Michael Wullinger: Guide to Chinese recipes. Elsevier, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-437-56750-0 .
- Manfred Porkert : Clinical Chinese Pharmacology. 2nd Edition. Phainon, Dinkelscherben 1994, ISBN 3-89520-006-9 .
- Dan Bensky, Steven Clavey, Erich Stöger: Chinese Herbal Medicine, Materia Medica. 3. Edition. Eastland Press, Seattle 2004, ISBN 0-939616-42-4 .
- Volker Scheid, Dan Bensky, Andrew Ellis, Randall Barolet: Chinese Herbal Medicine, Formulas & Strategies. 2nd Edition. Eastland Press, Seattle 2009, ISBN 978-0-939616-67-1 .
- Philippe Sionneau: Pao Zhi: An Introduction to the Use of Processed Chinese Medicinals. Blue Poppy Press, Boulder 2003, ISBN 0-936185-62-7 .
- Erich A. Stöger: Pharmacopoeia of Chinese Medicine, monographs of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. Deutscher Apothekerverlag, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-7692-4317-X .
