Chlaeniellus nigricornis
| Chlaeniellus nigricornis | ||||||||||||
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Chlaeniellus nigricornis |
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| Chlaeniellus nigricornis | ||||||||||||
| ( Fabricius , 1787) |
Chlaeniellus nigricornis is a beetle from the family of ground beetles . The German names include black-horned green beetles , swamp-meadow runners , black-horned velvet beetles and velvet runners on the internet . The part of the name "black sensor" or "black horn" is the translation of "nigricornis". The word part "velvet" or "velvet" refers to the silky hair of the breastplate and wing covers . Chlaeniellus is a genus raised sub-genus of Chlaenius .
Characteristics of the beetle
 Fig. 1: Front view Fig. 2: Top view  |
 Fig. 3: Breast shield Fig. 4: Supraorbital table  |
 Fig. 5: Sensor |
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The beetle has the shape of a typical ground beetle, flat with strong legs, its head stretched forward. It reaches a length of nine to almost thirteen millimeters.
The mouthparts point forward. The upper jaws are grooved on the outside and have no bristles there. The end links of the lip and jaw feeler are broadly rounded (Fig. 1). The lower jaws have a two-part outer box. On the head, next to the upper side edge of the eyes , only one bristle arises (supraorbital table, Fig. 4). The eleven-segment antennae are thread-shaped and black, only the first antenna element and at most the base of the second are yellow-brown. They are only finely hairy from the 4th link and therefore appear dull; links one to three have at most isolated bristles on the distal edge (Fig. 5).
Seen from above, the laterally bordered pronotum is curved continuously outwards on the side, the rear corners rounded (Fig. 1, 3). This distinguishes the species from the similarly colored species Chlaenius nitidulus and Chlaenius tibialis . The puncture of the pronotum is moderately dense and fairly uniform everywhere. (In the case of Chlaenius nitidulus , the puncture becomes significantly denser towards the rear) Like the head, the pronotum is brightly colored coppery gold or just green with a copper shimmer. The chitin plate (episternum of the middle breast) lying on the side of the middle breast above the breast plate and the side of the front breast are not very shiny.
The monochrome green wing-coverts have golden hairs (clearly visible in Fig. 3, bottom right) and striped. The first point stripe runs next to the label and is greatly shortened, another eight to nine point stripes run parallel to the sash. The spaces between the strips are hardly increased. At the rear end, the wing covers are rounded together.
The color of the legs varies from black to red-brown to yellow-red. The tarsi are five-part. The first three limbs of the anterior tarsi are rectangular in the males.
biology
The life cycle is one year. The wintering takes place as a finished beetle. Reproduction occurs in May and June. In some species of the genus, the female engages in a simple kind of brood care by making a sack from crumbs of earth clumped together into which the eggs are laid. The larvae and the adult beetles are predatory.
distribution
The beetle loves moisture. Otherwise it does not make any further demands on the nature of the soil. It occurs in sandy as well as sandy-muddy standing or flowing water, in swamps, on wet meadows or in alder swamps. The adult beetles can be found from spring to autumn.
Apart from Portugal and some Mediterranean islands, there are reports of finds from all over Europe. The actually West Palearctic species also radiates into the East Palearctic area.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Chlaeniellus nigricornis in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved December 28, 2010
- ^ Ekkehard Wachmann, Ralph Platen, Dieter Barndt: Laufkäfer. Observations, way of life . Naturbuch Verlag, 1995, ISBN 3-89440-125-7 .
- ^ Red Lists Baden-Württemberg (until 2005) - ground beetles and sand runners . State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg . December 1996. Accessed on December 30, 2010. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
literature
- Heinz Joy, Karl Wilhelm Harde, Gustav Adolf Lohse: The beetles of Central Europe . tape 2 . Adephaga 1. Elsevier, Spektrum, Akad. Verl., Munich 1976, ISBN 3-87263-025-3 .
- Ekkehard Wachmann , Ralph Platen, Dieter Barndt: Ground beetles - observation, way of life . 1st edition. Naturbuch-Verlag, Augsburg 1995, ISBN 3-89440-125-7 .
