Chondrina centralis
| Chondrina centralis | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Chondrina centralis | ||||||||||||
| ( Fagot , 1891) |
Chondrina centralis is a type of grain snail (Chondrinidae) from the suborder of land snails (Stylommatophora).
features
The conical case is 5.3 to 6.8 mm high and 2.3 to 2.7 mm wide. It has about 6 to 7 strongly curved turns. The surface of the postembryonic convolutions is regularly provided with coarse and blunt ribs; the ribs can become a little more irregular on the last turn. The mouth edge is only very slightly turned over, and mostly strongly thickened (but not thickened like a sill). The muzzle reinforcement usually consists of seven (up to nine) teeth. The spiral is connected to the angular. A parietalis is formed in the parietal area. The Columellaris is always more strongly developed than the Infracolumellaris. In the palatal area there is always a superior palatalis and an inferior palatalis; often there is also a small suprapalatalis, more rarely an infrapalatalis. The palatal folds are slightly shifted towards the base of the housing compared to the spindle / neck teeth. The last quarter of the last turn is slightly oblique, but the base of the case is not keeled. The case is colored light horn brown, the shell is translucent.
In the male part of the reproductive system, the penis and epiphallus are fused together in the basal penis area and form a loop. The "free" part of the penis, between the opening in the atrium and the fusion with the epiphallus, is quite short. It measures only about a third to a quarter of the length of the penile / epiphallus loop. The penis / epiphallus transition is slightly below the bend of the loop to the epiphallus and is marked by a marked change in the structure of the inner wall and by a change in the lumen. In the first half of the penile loop, the inner wall of the penis does not show any particular internal structure. In the subsequent quarter towards the bend, there is a fine transverse wrinkle. In the last quarter and the following eighth to quarter after the bend towards the epiphallus there is a longitudinal structure. Then the lumen expands. At the confluence of the vas deferens, a rough transverse wrinkle first sets in, then a longitudinal structure can also be seen and the transverse wrinkle becomes finer. In the last third before the confluence of the Sammenleiter there is only a single longitudinal structure on the inner wall, the inner wall is covered with fine papillae. The penile retractor muscle attaches to the lower quarter or third of the penile / epiphallus loop. In the female part of the sexual apparatus, the vagina is comparatively very long and two to three times the length of the "free" penis. The free fallopian tube is short and only about a quarter of the length of the vagina. The stem of the seminal vesicle is moderately long and is initially about the same thickness as the free fallopian tube. The atrium has a comparatively medium length. The radula has 25 to 27 posterior teeth in the semi-transverse row next to the central tooth.
Similar species
Chondrina centralis is mainly caused by the coarse and blunt ribs well from the other chondrina to differentiate species. In addition, the palate folds are shifted towards the housing base. The spiral is clearly recognizable and connected to the angularis.
Geographical distribution and habitat
The species is restricted to a very small area in the western central Pyrenees on French and Spanish territory, from Cirque de Gavarnie (France) in the east to Canfranc (Spain) in the west. The animals live there between 1000 and 1700 m above sea level in open, rocky habitats.
Taxonomy
The taxon was proposed as Pupa centralis by Paul Fagot in 1891 . Edmund Gittenberger gives the following two synonyms , Fauna Europaea follows him:
- Pupa (Torquilla) domicella Westerlund, 1887.
- Pupa costata Locard, 1894.
Danger
The species is classified as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) due to its very small distribution area of 16 km² and only four known occurrences. Road widening and the construction of quarries are potential dangers for the species.
supporting documents
literature
- Edmund Gittenberger: Contributions to the knowledge of the pupillacea: III. Chondrininae. In: Zoologische Verhandelingen. 127 (1) 1973, pp. 3-267, ISSN 0024-1652 . PDF, p. 142ff.
- Michael P. Kerney, RAD Cameron, Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. Paul Parey, Hamburg / Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-490-17918-8 , p. 117.
- Bas Kokshoorn, Edmund Gittenberger: Chondrinidae taxonomy revisited: New synonymies, new taxa, and a checklist of species and subspecies (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata). In: Zootaxa. 2539, 2010, pp. 1-62. Preview (PDF; 22 kB)
- Francisco W. Welter-Schultes: European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification = identification book for European land and freshwater mollusks. Planet Poster Ed., Göttingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-933922-75-5 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Paul Fagot: Histoire malacologique des Pyrénées françaises et espagnoles. Explorations Pyrénéennes, Ascensions et Recherches Scientifiques, Archéologiques, Historiques (Bull. Société Ramond) 26 (2), Toulouse 1891, pp. 129-143. (not viewed)
- ↑ Fauna Europaea: Chondrina centralis (Fagot 1891)
- ↑ O. Gargominy: chondrina centralis . In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Retrieved October 7, 2013.