Cohors III Augusta Nerviana Pacensis Brittonum

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The Cohors III Augusta Nerviana (or Nervia ) [Pacensis] Brittonum ( German  3rd cohort Augusta Nerviana [Pacensis] of the British ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and an inscription.

Name components

  • Augusta Nerviana Pacensis : the origin of the name is uncertain.
  • Brittonum : the British. The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the various British tribes in the Roman province of Britannia when the unit was established .

Since there is no evidence of the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a Cohors quingenaria peditata , a pure infantry cohort. The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the Moesia superior province . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 101/115 to 115 AD.

The first evidence of unity in Moesia superior is based on a diploma dated 101/115. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Moesia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated 103/105 to 115, prove unity in the same province. In the diploma of 115, the unit is listed as one of the cohorts that were detached from Moesia superior for Trajan's Parthian War ( translatis in expeditione ).

Since there is no evidence of their later existence, the cohort probably perished in the Parthian War.

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Further cohorts with the designation Cohors III Brittonum

There was another cohort with this name, the Cohors III Brittonum . It is documented by military diplomas from 100 to 161 and was stationed in the province of Moesia superior .

See also

literature

  • Tatiana Alexandrovna Ivleva: Britons abroad: the mobility of Britons and the circulation of British-made objects in the Roman Empire Dissertation, Leiden University 2012 ( online ).
  • Florian Matei-Popescu, Ovidiu Țentea: Auxilia Moesiae Superioris , Mega Publishing House 2018, ISBN 978-606-020-063-5 ( online )

Remarks

  1. ↑ See Cohors I Augusta Nerviana Pacensis Brittonum for possible explanations.
  2. ↑ Pacensis does not appear in the military diplomas and the inscription , but is used by some historians as part of the name.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Florian Matei-Popescu, Ovidiu Țentea, Auxilia Moesiae Superioris, pp. 42–43, 98, 127–129.
  2. ↑ Tatiana Alexandrovna Ivleva, Britons abroad, pp. 127, 534.
  3. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 101/105 ( Chiron-2009-570 ), 103/105 ( ZPE-194-223 ), 103/106 ( Chiron-2009-567 ), 109 ( ZPE-194-226 ), 111/112 ( Chiron-2008-355 ) and 115 ( Chiron-2008-363 ).
  4. ↑ Florian Matei-Popescu: Cohortes Augustae Nervianae Pacenses Brittonum In: Editura POROLISSVM Cluj-Napoca, 2010, ISBN 978-973-88250-4-8 , pp. 395-398, here p. 396 ( online ).
  5. ↑ Werner Eck , Andreas Pangerl: Moesia and his troops II: New diplomas for Moesia, Moesia inferior, and Moesia superior In: Chiron , Volume 39 (2009), p. 505-589, here p. 568 ( online ).