Roman forces in Moesia

The provinces of Moesia Inferior and Superior

The Roman armed forces in Moesia ( Latin exercitus Moesiacus ) consisted of the legions and auxiliary troops stationed in the Roman province of Moesia as well as the Classis Moesica from the beginning of the first century AD .

In 29 BC Moesia was conquered by Marcus Licinius Crassus and later converted into a Roman province . In the first century AD, the Romans divided the area into the provinces of Moesia Superior (Upper Moesia ) and Moesia Inferior (Lower Moesia ). Under Diocletian (284-305) the two provinces were then divided into smaller provinces.

Legions

The following legions (or parts of them) were stationed in the province of Moesia at the following locations at different times:

• Novae ( Swishtow ): the Legion I Italica
• Oescus : the Legion V Macedonica
• Singidunum ( Belgrade ): the legions IIII Flavia Felix and VII Claudia
• Troesmis : the Legion V Macedonica
• Viminacium : the legions IIII Scythica and VII Claudia

Auxiliary troops

Moesia

A.D. 75 to 78

On military diplomas from the years 75 to 78, 2 Alae and 21 cohorts are listed for the province of Moesia:

Ala I Gallorum Ala I Vespasiana Dardanorum Cohors I Antiochensium Cohors I Cantabrorum Cohors II Chalcidenorum Cohors I Cilicum

Cohors I Cisipadensium Cohors I Cretum Cohors III Gallorum Cohors IV Gallorum Cohors V Gallorum Cohors VII Gallorum

Cohors VIII Gallorum Cohors III Hispanorum Cohors II Lucensium Cohors I Lusitanorum Cohors II Mattiacorum Cohors I Raetorum

Cohors I Sugambrorum tironum Cohors I Sugambrorum veterana Cohors I Thracum Syriaca Cohors I Tyriorum Cohors I Ubiorum

Moesia inferior

AD 92 to 97

On military diplomas from the years 92 to 97, 9 alae and 18 cohorts are listed for the province of Moesia Inferior:

Ala I Claudia Gallorum Ala II Claudia Gallorum Ala I Flavia Gaetulorum Ala Gallorum Atectorigiana Ala Gallorum Flaviana Ala Hispanorum Ala II Hispanorum et Arvacorum

Ala I Pannoniorum Ala I Vespasiana Dardanorum Cohors II Flavia Bessorum Cohors I Bracaraugustanorum Cohors II Bracaraugustanorum Cohors II Chalcidenorum Cohors I Flavia Commagenorum

Cohors II Gallorum Cohors III Gallorum Cohors IV Gallorum Cohors VII Gallorum Cohors I Hispanorum veterana Cohors I Lepidiana Cohors II Lucensium

Cohors I Lusitanorum Cyrenaica Cohors I Raetorum Cohors I Sugambrorum tironum Cohors I Sugambrorum veterana Cohors I Tyriorum Cohors I Ubiorum

AD 99-105

On military diplomas from the years 99 to 105, 9 alae and 21 cohorts are listed for the province:

Ala I Asturum Ala I Claudia Gallorum Ala I Flavia Gaetulorum Ala Gallorum Atectorigiana Ala Gallorum Flaviana Ala Hispanorum Ala II Hispanorum et Arvacorum Ala I Pannoniorum

Ala I Vespasiana Dardanorum Cohors I Augusta Nerviana Pacensis Brittonum Cohors II Augusta Nerviana Pacensis Brittonum Cohors I Bracaraugustanorum Cohors II Chalcidenorum Cohors II Flavia Bessorum Cohors II Flavia Brittonum Cohors I Flavia Commagenorum

Cohors I Flavia Numidarum Cohors II Gallorum Cohors III Gallorum Cohors IV Gallorum Cohors VII Gallorum Cohors I Hispanorum veterana Cohors I Lepidiana Cohors II Lucensium

Cohors I Lusitanorum Cyrenaica Cohors II Mattiacorum Cohors I Sugambrorum tironum Cohors I Sugambrorum veterana Cohors I Tyriorum Cohors I Ubiorum

109 to 120 AD

On military diplomas from years 109 to 120, 5 alae and 13 cohorts are listed for the province:

Ala I Claudia Gallorum Ala I Flavia Gaetulorum Ala II Hispanorum et Arvacorum Ala I Pannoniorum Ala I Vespasiana Dardanorum

Cohors I Augusta Nerviana Pacensis Brittonum Cohors I Bracaraugustanorum Cohors II Flavia Brittonum Cohors I Flavia Commagenorum Cohors I Flavia Numidarum

Cohors II Gallorum Cohors III Gallorum Cohors VII Gallorum Cohors I Lepidiana Cohors II Lucensium

Cohors II Mattiacorum Cohors I Sugambrorum tironum Cohors I Sugambrorum veterana

125 to 157 A.D.

On military diplomas from the years 125 to 157, 5 alae and 16 cohorts are listed for the province:

Ala I Flavia Gaetulorum Ala Gallorum Atectorigiana Ala I Gallorum et Pannoniorum Ala II Hispanorum et Arvacorum Ala I Vespasiana Dardanorum

Cohors I Bracaraugustanorum Cohors II Bracaraugustanorum Cohors II Chalcidenorum Cohors I Cilicum Cohors I Cisipadensium Cohors II Flavia Brittonum

Cohors I Flavia Numidarum Cohors I Germanorum Cohors I Gallorum Cohors I Lepidiana Cohors II Lucensium Cohors I Lusitanorum Cyrenaica

Cohors II Mattiacorum Cohors I Sugambrorum tironum Cohors I Sugambrorum veterana Cohors I Thracum Syriaca

Moesia Superior

93 to 94 A.D.

On military diplomas from the years 93 to 94, 3 Alae and 9 cohorts are listed for the province of Moesia Superior:

Ala I Claudia Nova Miscellanea Ala II Pannoniorum Ala Praetoria

Cohors I Antiochensium Cohors I Cilicum Cohors I Cisipadensium

Cohors I Cretum Cohors I Flavia Hispanorum Cohors II Gallorum Macedonica

Cohors V Gallorum Cohors V Hispanorum Cohors IV Raetorum

A.D. 96-101

On military diplomas from the years 96 to 101, 3 alae and 21 cohorts are listed for the province:

Ala I Claudia Nova Miscellanea Ala II Pannoniorum Ala Praetoria Cohors I Antiochensium Cohors VII Breucorum Cohors II Brittonum

Cohors III Brittonum Cohors I Cilicum Cohors I Cisipadensium Cohors I Cretum Cohors I Flavia Bessorum Cohors II Flavia Commagenorum

Cohors I Flavia Hispanorum Cohors II Gallorum Macedonica Cohors V Gallorum Cohors II Hispanorum Cohors V Hispanorum Cohors I Lusitanorum

Cohors I Montanorum Cohors IV Raetorum Cohors I Thracum Cohors I Thracum Syriaca Cohors VI Thracum Cohors I Vindelicorum

A.D. 103/106 to A.D. 103/107

On military diplomas from the years 103/106 to 103/107 2 Alae, 11 cohorts and one further unit are listed for the province:

Ala II Pannoniorum Ala Praetoria Cohors I Alpinorum Cohors I Britannica

Cohors I Brittonum Cohors III Campestris Cohors IV Cypria Cohors II Flavia Commagenorum

Cohors I Hispanorum Cohors I Montanorum Cohors I Pannoniorum Cohors II Pannoniorum

Cohors VIII Raetorum Cohors VI Thracum Singular Britannicianis

125/126 to 161 A.D.

On military diplomas from the years 125/126 to 161, 2 alae and 11 cohorts are listed for the province:

Ala I Claudia Nova Miscellanea Ala Gallorum Flaviana Cohors I Antiochensium Cohors III Brittonum

Cohors III Campestris Cohors I Cretum Cohors II Dacorum Cohors II Gallorum Macedonica

Cohors II Gallorum Pannonica Cohors V Gallorum Cohors V Hispanorum Cohors I Lusitanorum

Cohors I Montanorum Cohors I Pannoniorum

See also

• List of Roman legions
• List of Roman auxiliary units

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Florian Matei-Popescu: The Auxiliary Units from Moesia Superior in Domitian's Time and the Problem of CIL XVI 41 In: Ephemeris Napocensis XVI-XVII, 2006-2007, pp. 31-48, here p. 34 ( online ).
2. ↑ Moesia: Military diplomas of the years 75 ( RMD 1, 2 , RMM 1 ), 75/78 ( RMD 4, 209 ) and 78 ( CIL 16, 22 , RMD 4, 208 , RMD 5, 325 )
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, pp. 89-90, 164, 166 tables 8, 9 ( PDF pp. 91-92, 166, 168 ).
4. ^ Moesia Inferior: Military diplomas of the years 92 ( ZPE-148-269 ) and 97 ( RMD 5, 337 , RMD 5, 338 )
5. ↑ Moesia Inferior: Military diplomas of the years 99 ( CIL 16, 44 , CIL 16, 45 , RMD 4, 217 ) and 105 ( CIL 16, 50 , RMM 10 , RMM 11 )
6. ↑ Moesia Inferior: Military diplomas of the years 109 ( RMD 4, 219 ), 111 ( RMD 4, 222 ), 114 ( CIL 16, 58 ) and 120 ( RMD 5, 356 )
7. ^ Moesia Inferior: Military diplomas of the years 125 ( RMD 4, 235 ), 127 ( RMD 4, 241 ), 134 ( CIL 16, 78 ), 138 ( CIL 16, 83 , RMD 4, 253 ), 145 ( RMD 3, 165 ), 148/153 ( RMD 5, 412 ) and 157 ( RMD 1, 50 )
8. ^ Moesia Superior: Military diplomas from the years 93 ( CIL 16, 39 ) and 94 ( RMD 5, 335 )
9. ↑ Moesia Superior: Military diplomas of the years 96 ( RMD 1, 6 ), 99 ( RMD 1, 7 ), 100 ( CIL 16, 46 ) and 101 ( RMD 3, 143 )
10. ^ Moesia Superior: Military diplomas of the years 103/106 ( RMM 13 ), 103/107 ( CIL 16, 54 ) and 105 ( CIL 16, 49 )
11. ↑ Moesia Superior: military diplomas of the years 132 ( RMD 4, 247 ), 151 ( RMM 31 ), 157 ( RMD 5, 418 , RMM 37 ), 158/159 ( RMD 5, 419 ), 159 ( CIL 16, 111 ) and 161 ( RMD 1, 55 )