Cohors II Gallorum Macedonica

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The Cohors II Gallorum [Macedonica] ( German  2nd cohort of the Gauls [ Macedonica ] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

  • Gallorum : the Gaul . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the various tribes of the Gauls in the Roman province of Gallia Lugdunensis when the unit was established .
  • Macedonica : from the province of Macedonia or the Macedonian. The addition appears in the military diplomas from 93 to 157, presumably to distinguish them from the Cohors II Gallorum Pannonica .

Since there is no evidence of the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a pure infantry cohort, a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata . The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Macedonia , Moesia Superior and Dacia . It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 93-161.

The unit was stationed in the province of Macedonia at an unspecified point in time , from which its later nickname Macedonica was derived.

The first evidence of unity in the province of Moesia Superior is based on a diploma dated 93. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Moesia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 94 to 100, prove unity in the same province.

The cohort was then transferred to the province of Dacia , where it is documented for the first time by a diploma dated 109. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Dacia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 110 to 123, prove unity in the same province. The diploma of 123 shows that the cohort was seconded to the province of Dacia Porolissensis at that time .

At an unspecified point in time, the unit was then moved back to the province of Moesia Superior , where it is evidenced by diplomas dated from 129 to 161.

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

  • L (ucius) Laberius []: he is named on one of the diplomas of 157 ( AE 2008, 1747 ) as the commander of the cohort.

Further cohorts with the designation Cohors II Gallorum

There were at least three other cohorts with this designation:

Military diplomas also prove that a Cohors II Gallorum was stationed in the provinces of Mauretania Caesariensis and Raetia . The cohort in Raetia was stationed in Sorviodurum between 75/85 and 90 AD . This unit may be the Cohors II Gallorum (Moesia) or the Cohors II Gallorum (Britannia) .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , page 151 -152, 160
  2. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 164, 169 tables 8, 11 ( PDF p. 166, 171 ).
  3. Military diplomas of the years 93 ( CIL 16, 39 ), 94 ( RMD 5, 335 ), 100 ( AE 2008, 1731 , AE 2008, 1733 , AE 2008, 1734 , CIL 16, 46 ), 109 ( RMD 3, 148 ) , 110 ( CIL 16, 57 , CIL 16, 163 , ZPE-176-221 ), 113/114 ( RMD 4, 225 ), 123 ( RMM 22 ), 129 ( ZPE-207-224 ), 135 ( ZPE-203 -227 ), 137 ( ZPE-194-236 ), 145/154 ( AE 2008, 1741 ), 151 ( RMM 31 ), 157 ( AE 2008, 1744 , AE 2008, 1747 , ZPE-165-237 ), 159 ( CIL 16, 111 ) and 161 ( RMD 1, 55 ).