Roman forces in Africa

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The Roman armed forces in Africa ( Latin: exercitus Africanus or exercitus Africae ) consisted of the legions and auxiliary troops stationed in the Roman province of Africa . The province was established after the Punic Wars in 146 BC. Set up. Caesar formed 46 BC The province Africa nova from parts of Numidia . Augustus united in 27 BC The province of Africa with Africa nova to Africa proconsularis .

Under Septimius Severus (193-211) the province Africa proconsularis was divided into 198 AD into Africa and Numidia . Under Diocletian (284–305), the two provinces were further subdivided: Africa into Byzacena , Tripolitana and Zeugitana , Numidia into Numidia Cirtensis and Numidia Militiana .

Legions

The Legio III Augusta was stationed in the province of Africa at the following locations: Ammaedara ( Haïdra ), Lambaesis and Theveste ( Tebessa ).

Auxiliary troops

A.D. 127 to 128/129

On military diplomas from the years 127 and 128/129 2 Alae and 8 cohorts are listed for the province of Africa :

  • Cohors VII Lusitanorum

2nd century AD

For the 2nd century AD, 2 Alae and 12 cohorts are documented for the province:

  • Ala I Flavia Numidica
  • Ala I Pannoniorum
  • Cohors I Chalcidenorum
  • Cohors VI Commagenorum
  • Cohors VIII Fida
  • Cohors I Flavia
  • Cohors I Flavia Afrorum
  • Cohors II Flavia Afrorum
  • Cohors II Hamiorum
  • Cohors II Hispanorum
  • Cohors VII Lusitanorum
  • Cohors II Maurorum

Commander in Chief

See: List of Governors of Africa and Comes Africae

See also

Individual evidence

  1. a b Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, pp. 99-100 ( PDF ).
  2. a b Werner Eck , Andreas Pangerl: New consulate data in new diplomas In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik (ZPE), Volume 152 (2005), pp. 229–262, here p. 245 ( online ).
  3. Werner Eck: New testimonials to two well-known imperial civil rights constitutions (Africa and Mauretania) In: ZPE, Volume 177 (2011), pp. 263–271, here p. 267 ( online ).
  4. Military diplomas of the years 127 ( RMD 5, 368 , ZPE-152-244 ) and 128/129 ( RMD 5, 373 ).