Roman forces in Dacia

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The Roman provinces in Dacia

The Roman armed forces in Dacia consisted of the legions and auxiliary troops stationed in the Roman province of Dacia from 106 AD .

Under Hadrian (117-138) the province of Dacia 118 was divided into Dacia superior and Dacia inferior . Another division took place in 123 when the new province of Dacia Porolissensis was split off from Dacia superior . Under Marcus Aurelius (161-180), Dacia 167 to 169 was reorganized into Dacia Apulensis , Dacia Porolissensis and Dacia Malvensis . This division then remained until the province was abandoned.

Legions

The following legions (or parts of them) were stationed in the province of Dacia at the following locations at different times :

Auxiliary troops

Dacia

On military diplomas .. From the years 106-114 AD 6 are Alae , 21 cohorts and another unit for the province listed, but not all were stationed at the same time in the province:

Dacia inferior

Diplomas from the years 123 to 146 AD list 3 alae, 9 cohorts and one additional cavalry unit for the province, but they were not all stationed in the province at the same time:

Dacia Porolissensis

Diplomas from the years 123 to 164 AD list 5 alae and 12 cohorts for the province, but they were not all stationed in the province at the same time:

  • Cohors I Cannanefatium
  • Cohors I Flavia Ulpia Hispanorum
  • Cohors I Hispanorum
  • Cohors II Hispanorum
  • Cohors V Lingonum
  • Cohors VI Thracum
  • Cohors I Ulpia Brittonum

Dacia superior

Diplomas from the years 117/138 to 179 AD list 3 Alae, 13 cohorts and 3 other units for the province, but they were not all stationed in the province at the same time:

  • Cohors I Vindelicorum

Commander in Chief

See: List of Governors of Dacia

See also

Remarks

  1. ↑ John Spaul assigns the military diploma ( CIL 16, 163 ) to the Ala I Claudia Gallorum Capitoniana , while Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu assign it to the Ala I Claudia Nova Miscellanea .
  2. ↑ On one side of plate 1 of the diploma ( RMD 3, 148 ) an Ala I Flavia Commagenorum sagittaria is indicated, on the other side an Ala II Flavia Commagenorum sagittaria . John Spaul suspects that there was an error in the creation of the diploma and that the Cohors II Flavia Commagenorum is actually meant.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, pp. 92–94, 169–171 tables 11–13 ( PDF ).
  2. ↑ a b c d Werner Eck , Andreas Pangerl: New Diplomas for the Dacian Provinces In: Acta Musei Napocensis 43-44 / I, 2006–2007 (2008), pp. 185–210, here pp. 208–209 ( online ) .
  3. ↑ a b c d Werner Eck, Andreas Pangerl: Diplomas for the Army in Dakien In: Journal for Papyrology and Epigraphik , Volume 176 (2011), pp. 221–233, here pp. 231–233 ( online ).
  4. ↑ Dacia: Military diplomas of the years 106 ( CIL 16, 160 ), 109 ( RMD 3, 148 ), 110 ( CIL 16, 57 , CIL 16, 163 , RMD 4, 220 , RMD 5, 343 , ZPE-176-221 ) , 113 ( RMD 4, 225 ) and 114 ( RMD 4, 226 ).
  5. ^ A b John EH Spaul : Ala². The Auxiliary Cavalry Units of the Pre-Diocletianic Imperial Roman Army. Nectoreca Press, Andover 1994, ISBN 0-9525062-0-3 , pp. 80-81, 95.
  6. ^ Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu: Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul's Ala and Cohors In: Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40 / I, Cluj-Napoca, 2002-2003 (2004), pp. 259-296, here p. 264 ( online ).
  7. ↑ Dacia inferior: Military diplomas of the years 119/129 ( RMD 5, 374 ), 120/140 ( RMD 5, 389 ), 122 ( RMM 20 , RMD 5, 361 ), 123 ( ZPE-195-237 ), 129 ( CIL 16, 75 ), 129/130 ( RMD 5, 376 ), 131/132 ( RMD 5, 380 ), 140 ( RMD 1, 39 ), 146 ( RMD 4, 269 , ZPE-176-225 ), 161 ( RMD 2, 121 ) and 167/168 ( RMD 5, 442 )
  8. ↑ Dacia Porolissensis: Military diplomas of the years 118/128 ( RMD 5, 370 ), 123 ( RMD 1, 21 , RMD 1, 22 , RMM 22 ), 125/128 ( RMD 1, 31 ), 123/168 ( RMD 2, 128 ), 127 ( RMD 1, 30 ), 130 ( RMD 5, 378 ), 133 ( RMD 1, 35 ), 135 ( RMD 4, 248 ), 138/142 ( RMD 1, 40 ), 151 ( RMD 5, 404 ), 154 ( CIL 16, 110 ), 161 ( RMD 3, 177 ), 163/165 ( RMD 4, 289 ) and 164 ( CIL 16, 185 , RMD 1, 63 , RMD 1, 64 , RMD 1, 66 , RMD 2, 115 , RMD 2, 116 , RMD 2, 117 , RMD 4, 287 ).
  9. ↑ Dacia superior: Military diplomas of the years 117/138 ( RMD 2, 92 ), 119 ( RMD 5, 351 ), 120 ( CIL 16, 68 , RMD 1, 17 , RMD 4, 232 , RMD 5, 355 ), 121 ( RMD 1, 19 , RMD 5, 357 , ZPE-165-213 , ZPE-166-284 ), 120/126 ( RMD 4, 237 ), 123 ( RMD 1, 20 , RMM 22 ), 124 ( RMD 1, 26 ), 125/126 ( RMD 5, 367 ), 126 ( RMD 1, 27 , RMD 1, 28 ), 136/138 ( RMD 5, 384 ), 144 ( CIL 16, 90 ), 144/178 ( RMD 2, 122 ), 157 ( CIL 16, 107 ), 158 ( CIL 16, 108 ) and 179 ( RMD 2, 123 ).