Cohors I Augusta Ituraeorum

The military diploma of June 13, 80 AD ( CIL 16, 26 )

The Cohors I Augusta Ituraeorum [sagittariorum or sagittaria] ( German 1st Augustan cohort from Ituräa [the archer] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Augusta : the Augustan tables. The honorary title refers to Augustus ; the unit was either established during the reign of Augustus or the title was later conferred honoris causa .

Ituraeorum : from Ituraea . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited in the Iturea region when the unit was established .

sagittariorum or sagittaria : the archer. The addition occurs in the military diplomas from 110 to 136/138.

Since there are no references to the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partly mounted), it can be assumed that it is a pure infantry cohort, a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata . The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Syria , Pannonia, and Dacia (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years 80 to 179 AD.

The cohort was probably initially stationed in the province of Syria and was probably moved to the Danube border during the reign of Vespasian (69–79). The first evidence of unity in the province of Pannonia is based on a diploma dated 80. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated from 98 to 102, prove unity in the same province.

The unit then took part in the second Dacian War of Trajan and then remained in the new province. The first evidence of unity in Dacia is based on a diploma dated 109. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Dacia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated from 110 to 179, prove the unit in the same province (or from 124 in Dacia Superior ).

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Pannonia were possibly:

Ad statuas
Solva ( Esztergom ): The tombstones of Crescens and Soranus were found in Esztergom.

Locations of the cohort in Dacia may have been:

Buciumi
Porolissum (Moigrad)
Călugăreni

Bricks with various stamps (including COH I AUG ) were found near Buciumi and Moigrad . The assignment of the stamp to the Cohors I Augusta Ituraeorum is controversial.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

[] [Ge] mellus, a prefect (around 125/175) ( IDR 3, 348 )
Lucius Callidius Camidienus : he is named on the diploma of 98 as a commander.

Titus Statilius Taurus, a prefect ( CIL 13, 6817 )

Others

Crescens, a soldier ( AE 1997, 1260 )
[G] ermanus, a centurion ( AE 1993, 1291 )

P (ublius) Insteius, a foot soldier: the diploma of 98 was issued to him.
Soranus, a soldier ( AE 1993, 1291 )

Further cohorts with the designation Cohors I Ituraeorum

There were 3 other cohorts named Cohors I Ituraeorum :

Cohors I Ituraeorum (Mauretania Tingitana) : She is documented by military diplomas from 104 to 162/203 and was stationed in the province of Mauretania Tingitana .
Cohors I Ituraeorum (Syria) : She is documented by diplomas from 88 to 110 and was stationed in the provinces of Syria and Dacia .
Cohors I Ituraeorum (Thracia) : It is documented by diplomas from 88 to 101 and was stationed in the provinces of Germania , Moesia , Thracia and Cappadocia .

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Augusta Ituraeorum - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

↑ The reading of the inscription is uncertain; Instead of the Cohors I Augusta Ituraeorum , the Cohors I Augusta Thracum could also come into question.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046 -4 , pp. 5-7, 437, 440
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 161, 169 tables 5, 11 ( PDF p. 163, 171 ).
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Ovidiu Țentea: Ex Oriente ad Danubium. The Syrian auxiliary units on the Danube frontier of the Roman Empire Publisher: Mega Publishing House, Editor: Center of Roman Military Studies 6, ISBN 978-606-543-206-2 , doi : 10.13140 / RG.2.1.4246.1604 , p. 15-17, 52-55, 136, 159-160, 197-198 ( online ).
↑ Military diplomas of the years 80 ( CIL 16, 26 ), 98 ( CIL 16, 42 ), 102 ( CIL 16, 47 ), 109 ( RMD 3, 148 ), 110 ( CIL 16, 57 , ZPE-176-221 ), 114 ( RMD 4, 226 ), 124 ( ZPE-175-248 ), 136/138 ( RMD 5, 384 ), 144 ( CIL 16, 90 ), 157 ( CIL 16, 107 ), 158 ( CIL 16, 108 ) and 179 ( RMD 2, 123 ).
^ Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu: Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul's Ala and Cohors In: Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40 / I Cluj-Napoca, 2002-2003 (2004), pp. 259-296, here p. 287 ( online ).
↑ Szilamér-Péter Pánczél, Silvia Mustata and Alpár Dobos: The research at the Roman auxiliary fort of Mikháza / Călugăreni . In: Hungarian Archeology (2018 Spring), p. 17, ( digitized ).

[GE-7] The reading of the inscription is uncertain; Instead of the Cohors I Augusta Ituraeorum , the Cohors I Augusta Thracum could also come into question.

[jsp-1] A ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046 -4 , pp. 5-7, 437, 440

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 161, 169 tables 5, 11 ( PDF p. 163, 171 ).

[ot-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Ovidiu Țentea: Ex Oriente ad Danubium. The Syrian auxiliary units on the Danube frontier of the Roman Empire Publisher: Mega Publishing House, Editor: Center of Roman Military Studies 6, ISBN 978-606-543-206-2 , doi : 10.13140 / RG.2.1.4246.1604 , p. 15-17, 52-55, 136, 159-160, 197-198 ( online ).

[MD-4] Military diplomas of the years 80 ( CIL 16, 26 ), 98 ( CIL 16, 42 ), 102 ( CIL 16, 47 ), 109 ( RMD 3, 148 ), 110 ( CIL 16, 57 , ZPE-176-221 ), 114 ( RMD 4, 226 ), 124 ( ZPE-175-248 ), 136/138 ( RMD 5, 384 ), 144 ( CIL 16, 90 ), 157 ( CIL 16, 107 ), 158 ( CIL 16, 108 ) and 179 ( RMD 2, 123 ).

[ot-fmp-5] Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu: Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul's Ala and Cohors In: Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40 / I Cluj-Napoca, 2002-2003 (2004), pp. 259-296, here p. 287 ( online ).

[6] Szilamér-Péter Pánczél, Silvia Mustata and Alpár Dobos: The research at the Roman auxiliary fort of Mikháza / Călugăreni . In: Hungarian Archeology (2018 Spring), p. 17, ( digitized ).