Ala I Augusta Ituraeorum

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The military diploma of 139 AD

The Ala I Augusta Ituraeorum [sagittariorum or sagittaria] ( German  1. Ala the Augusteische from Ituräa [the archers] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

  • I : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the first ( Latin prima ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Ala prima ...
  • Augusta : the Augustan tables. The honorary title refers to Augustus .
  • Ituraeorum : from Ituraea . The Ala soldiers were recruited when the unit was established in the Iturea area .
  • sagittariorum or sagittaria : the archer. The addition appears in the military diplomas of 124 and 150, as well as on bricks.

Since there is no reference to the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was an Ala quingenaria . The nominal strength of the Ala was 480 men, consisting of 16 towers with 30 riders each.

history

The Ala was stationed in the provinces of Pannonia and Dacia . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 98 to 192 AD.

The unit was either set up under Augustus or under Nero for a planned campaign against the Parthians. She probably came to Italy with Vespasian and possibly received the honorary title Augusta from him . The first evidence of unity in Pannonia is based on a diploma dated 98. In the diploma, the Ala is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province.

The Ala took part in the second Dacian War of Trajan around 105/106 and was then stationed in the new province of Dacia . The first evidence of unity in Dacia is based on diplomas dated 110. The diplomas list the Ala as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Dacia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas dated from 114 to 124 prove the unit in the same province (or from 124 in Dacia superior ).

At an unspecified point in time between 124 and 135, the unit was transferred to the province of Pannonia Inferior , where it is first evidenced by a diploma dated 135. Further diplomas, dated 139 to 192, prove unity in the same province. The diploma of 150 indicates that a vexillation of the Ala had been temporarily moved to Mauretania Caesariensis to take part in the suppression of an uprising; inscriptions of the unity have also been found in this province.

The last evidence of the Ala is based on an inscription dated 201/230.

Locations

Locations of the Ala in Pannonia may have been:

  • Arrabona ( Győr ): The tombstones of Acrabanis , Albanus and Bargathes and another inscription were found here.
  • Intercisa ( Dunaújváros ): The Ala built the first fort in Intercisa. The tombstone of Iantumalius as well as bricks with the stamp AL IS were found here.
  • Rittium ( Surduk ): The Ala was probably stationed here after being transferred from Dacia superior to Pannonia inferior .
  • Solva ( Esztergom ): bricks marked ALA RIS were found here.

Locations of the cohort in Dacia may have been:

  • Micia : The tombstone of Caius Licinius was found here.

Members of the Ala

The following members of the Ala are known:

Commanders

  • Gaius Vettius Priscus : he is named on two diplomas out of 110 as a commander.
  • C (aius) Va []: he is named on the diploma of 154 as a commander.

Others

See also

Web links

Commons : Ala I Augusta Ituraeorum  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b John Spaul assigns Aelius Victorinus and Aurelius Mucianus to the Ala I Augusta Ituraeorum , while the Clauss-Slaby epigraphic database reads other units in the given inscriptions.
  2. ↑ a b Ovidiu Țentea assigns Sentius Exoratus and Spectatius Viator to the Ala I Augusta Ituraeorum , while John Spaul and Farkas István Gergő assign them to the Ala I Augusta Thracum .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Bricks from Intercisa ( RHP 145 ).
  2. ↑ a b c John EH Spaul , Ala², pp. 154-155.
  3. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, pp. 161, 163, 169 tables 5, 7, 11 ( PDF ).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g Ovidiu Țentea, Ex Oriente, pp. 15-17, 31-34, 107-110, 192-193.
  5. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 98 ( CIL 16, 42 ), 110 ( CIL 16, 57 , CIL 16, 163 , ZPE-176-221 ), 114 ( RMD 4, 226 ), 124 ( ZPE-175-248 ), 135 ( RMD 4, 251 ), 139 ( CIL 16, 175 ), 143 ( RMD 4, 266 ), 146 ( ZPE-171-229 ), 148 ( CIL 16, 179 , CIL 16, 180 , RMD 4, 272 ), 150 ( CIL 16, 99 ), 152 ( ZPE-171-221 ), 154 ( ZPE-146-247 , ZPE-187-292 ), 154/161 ( RMD 4, 284 ), 157 ( AE 2009, 1079 , RMD 2 , 102 , RMD 2, 103 ), 159 ( CIL 16, 112 ), 162 ( ZPE-173-223 ), 167 ( CIL 16, 123 ) and 192 ( RMD 5, 446 , RMD 5, 447 ).
  6. ↑ Werner Eck , Andreas Pangerl, Paul Holder: A constitution from the year 152 or 153 for Lower Saxony and British troops, delegated to Mauretania Tingitana In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik (ZPE), Volume 199 (2016), pp. 187-201 , here pp. 190–191 ( online ).
  7. ↑ Inscriptions from Mauretania Caesariensis ( AE 1955, 131 , AE 1975, 951 )
  8. ↑ Inscription ( CIL 3, 3446 )
  9. ↑ Inscription ( CIL 3, 11083 )
  10. ↑ a b Werner Eck, Andreas Pangerl: New diplomas with the names of consuls and governors In: ZPE, Volume 187 (2013), pp. 273–294, here pp. 293–294 ( online ).
  11. ↑ Werner Eck, Andreas Pangerl: Diplomas for the Army in Dakien In: ZPE, Volume 176 (2011), pp. 221–233, here pp. 224–225 ( online ).