Ala I Hispanorum Campagonum

The Ala I Hispanorum Campagonum [civium Romanorum] [milliaria] [Antoniniana] [Deciana] [Philippiana] ( German  1. Ala of the Hispanics of the Campagonians [of the Roman citizens] [1000 men] [the Antoninian] [the Decian] [the Philippian ] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and brick stamps. In some inscriptions it is called Ala Campagonum .

Name components

• Hispanorum : the Hispanic .

• Campagonum : the Campagoner. The soldiers of the Ala were recruited from the various tribes of the Hispanics and especially from the Campagonians when the unit was established.

• civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition occurs in the inscriptions ( AE 1983, 847 , AE 1987, 796 ).

• milliaria : 1000 men. The unit may have been expanded from an Ala quingenaria to an Ala milliaria ; however, this is controversial. The addition occurs in the inscriptions ( CIL 3, 1193 , CIL 3, 7644 ).

• Antoniniana : the Antoninian. An honorific designation that refers to Caracalla (211-217) or Elagabal (218-222). The addition occurs in the inscription ( CIL 3, 1378 ).

• Deciana : the Decian. An honorary title that refers to Decius (249-251). The addition appears in the inscription ( AE 1983, 847 ).

• Philippiana : the Philippian. An honorary title that refers to Philip Arabs (244–249). The addition appears in the inscription ( CIL 3, 1380 ).

The unit was either an Ala quingenaria with a nominal strength of 480 men, consisting of 16 towers with 30 riders each, or an Ala milliaria with a nominal strength of 720 men, consisting of 24 towers with 30 riders each.

history

The Ala was stationed in the provinces of Moesia superior , Pannonia inferior, and Dacia superior (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 98-158.

The time at which the unit was deployed is unknown; since the unit lacks the honorary designation Flavia as part of its name, it was probably established before 69. After it was set up, it was probably moved to the Balkans. The first evidence of unity in Moesia superior is based on a diploma dated 111/112. In the diploma, the Ala is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Moesia ) that were stationed in the province.

At an unspecified time, the unit came to the province of Pannonia Inferior , where it is first evidenced by a diploma dated 114. The diploma lists the Ala as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province. Another diploma, dated 119, proves unity in the same province.

Between 119 and 136/138 the Ala was relocated to Dacia superior , where it is first documented by a diploma dated 136/138. In the diploma, the Ala is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Dacia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 144 to 158, prove unity in the same province.

The last evidence of the Ala is based on the inscription ( AE 1983, 847 ), which is dated to 250.

Locations

Locations of the Ala in Dacia were:

• Micia ( Vețel ): Several inscriptions have been found here.

Members of the Ala

The following members of the Ala are known:

Commanders

Aelius Pergamianus, a prefect ( CIL 3, 1366 ) C (aius) Iul (ius) Corinthianus, a prefect ( CIL 3, 1193 ); he was also prefect of the Cohors VII Gallorum and tribune of the Cohors I Britannica . Iul (ius) Tere [n] tianus, a prefect ( CIL 3, 1343 ) L (ucius) Valerius Valerianus, a prefect ( AE 1971, 476 ) M (arcus) Pl [autius] Ru [fi ()], a prefect ( CIL 3, 1342 )

Q (uintus) Pe [tro] nius Novatus, a prefect ( AE 1967, 644 ); he was also prefect of the Cohors V Gallorum and the Ala I Hispanorum . Rufus, a prefect ( AE 1980, 778 ) [T (itus) V] arius [Pr] iscus, a prefect ( AE 1987, 796 ); he was also prefect of the Cohors I Lusitanorum , the Ala I Gallorum Tauriana and the Ala I Ulpia Contariorum .

Others

Aurel (ius) Masinnius, a duplicarius ( CIL 3, 7644 ) Aurel (ius) Vital (is), a rider ( CIL 6, 3238 ) C (aius) Antonius Crispinus, a veteran and former Decurion ( CIL 3, 1375 )

Lupio, a Decurio ( CIL 6, 3238 ) Quintianus, a Decurio ( AE 1903, 68 ) Ulp [ius M] ettius, a veteran and former Decurio ( CIL 3, 7871 )

See also

• List of Roman auxiliary units
• Roman forces in Dacia
• Roman forces in Moesia
• Roman forces in Pannonia

Remarks

1. ↑ In the inscription ( CIL 3, 1193 ) the section praef (ecto) alae Campag (onum) idem ${\displaystyle \infty }$ is interpreted differently. According to John Spaul, idem ${\displaystyle \infty }$ refers to the Ala Campagonum and therefore the expansion of the Ala occurred precisely in the period in which Caius Iulius Corinthianus was prefect of the unit. Margaret M. Roxan , on the other hand, is convinced that idem ${\displaystyle \infty }$ refers to another entity, namely the only Ala milliaria that was stationed in the province of Dacia at the time: the Ala I Batavorum .
2. ↑ ^{a b} Ovidiu Țentea and Florian Matei-Popescu assign the inscription ( CIL 3, 7644 ) to Ala I Batavorum .
3. ↑ John Spaul assigns Caius Antonius Crispinus to the Ala I Hispanorum Campagonum . The reading of the inscription ( CIL 3, 1375 ) in the Clauss-Slaby epigraphy database is Ala Pan (noniorum) .
4. ↑ John Spaul assigns Ulpius Mettius to the Ala I Hispanorum Campagonum . The reading of the inscription ( CIL 3, 7871 ) in the Clauss-Slaby epigraphy database is Ala Clau [dia] .

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b c d} John EH Spaul: Ala². The Auxiliary Cavalry Units of the Pre-Diocletianic Imperial Roman Army. Nectoreca Press, Andover 1994, ISBN 0-9525062-0-3 , pp. 74-76, 249.
2. ↑ Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 1. (PDF 23.5 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 115–123 (118–126) , accessed on June 23, 2018 (English). 
3. ^ Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu: Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul's Ala and Cohors In: Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40 / I Cluj-Napoca, 2002-2003 (2004), pp. 259-296, here pp. 261, 269 ( online ).
4. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 163, 169 tables 7, 11 ( PDF p. 165, 171 ).
5. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 98 ( AE 2003, 1033 ), 111/112 ( AE 2008, 1738 ), 114 ( RMD 3, 153 ), 119 ( AE 2003, 2041 ), 136/138 ( RMD 5, 384 ), 144 ( CIL 16, 90 ), 157 ( CIL 16, 107 ) and 158 ( CIL 16, 108 ).
6. ↑ Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. (PDF 9.8 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 625-628 (46-49) , accessed on June 23, 2018 (English).