Ala I Hispanorum

The tombstone of Rufus ( CIL 13, 7026 )

The Ala I Hispanorum [pia fidelis] [Antoniniana] ( German 1. Ala of the Hispanics [loyal and loyal] [the Antoninian] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and brick stamps. In the inscription ( CIL 12, 408 ) she is called Ala Hispana .

Name components

Hispanorum : the Hispanic . The Ala soldiers were recruited from the various Hispanic tribes when the unit was established.

pia fidelis : loyal and loyal. The addition appears in the inscription ( AE 1966, 314 ).

Antoniniana : the Antoninian. An honorific designation that refers to Caracalla (211-217) or Elagabal (218-222). The addition occurs in the inscription ( CIL 3, 14216,17 ).

Since there is no reference to the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was an Ala quingenaria . The nominal strength of the Ala was 480 men, consisting of 16 towers with 30 riders each.

history

The Ala was stationed in the provinces of Germania , Pannonia , Moesia inferior , Dacia superior, and Dacia inferior (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 92 to 146.

The unit was probably set up under Augustus . Under the Julio-Claudian emperors, she was initially stationed in the Rhineland. It is possible that the Ala was first moved to Dalmatia by Claudius (41–54) around 42 in connection with the revolt of Furius Camillus Scribonianus . Since the revolt collapsed very quickly, the unit was then moved to Aquincum in the province of Pannonia .

Presumably during the reign of Vespasian (69-79) the Ala was moved from Pannonia to the province of Moesia . The first evidence of unity in Moesia inferior is based on a diploma dated 92. In the diploma, the Ala is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Moesia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated from 97 to 105, prove unity in the same province.

The Ala probably took part in both the Dacer Wars of Domitian (81–96) and Trajan (98–117). At an unspecified point in time, the unit came to the province of Dacia superior , where it is first evidenced by a diploma dated 119. In the diploma, the Ala is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Dacia ) that were stationed in the province. Another diploma, dated 120, proves unity in the same province.

Between 120 and 125/126 the Ala was moved to Dacia Inferior , where it is first proven by a diploma dated 125/126. Other diplomas, dated 129 to 146, prove unity in the same province.

The last evidence of the Ala is based on the inscription ( CIL 3, 14216,17 ), which is dated to 211/222.

Locations

Locations of the Ala in Dacia were:

Slaveni: Several inscriptions and bricks with the stamp AH ( AE 1944, 63 ) were found here.

Locations of the Ala in Pannonia may have been:

Aquincum ( Budapest ): The tombstones of Lucius , Maloger , Nertus and Tiberius Claudius Severus were found here.

Members of the Ala

The following members of the Ala are known:

Commanders

Gaius Fidus Loreianus : he is named on the diploma of 120 as a commander.
Lucius Dudistius Novanus , a prefect
L (ucius) Rubrius Maximus, a prefect ( CIL 14, 22 )
Marcus Stlaccius Coranus , a prefect
Q (uintus) Vibius I [], a prefect ( CIL 11, 1527 )

Q (uintus) Pe [tro] nius Novatus, a prefect ( AE 1967, 644 ); he was also prefect of the Cohors V Gallorum and the Ala I Hispanorum Campagonum .
Sex (tus) Caecilius Senecio, a prefect ( CIL 5, 4058 )
Sex (tus) Iulius Possessor, a curator or Praepositus ( AE 1983, 976 , CIL 2, 1180 ); he was also the curator or Praepositus of the Numerus Syrorum Sagittariorum and prefect of the Cohors III Gallorum .

Others

[] rianus Amba ( CIL 13, 3686 )
Adiutor, a soldier: the diploma of 120 was issued to him.
Imerix, a horseman ( AE 1971, 299 )
Licinius, a horseman ( CIL 13, 6234 )
Lucius, a horseman ( AE 1937, 216 )
Maloger ( CIL 3, 10513 )
Nertus, a veteran and former Sesquiplicarius ( CIL 3, 10514 )

Q (uintus) Carminius Inge [n] uus, a horseman and signer ( CIL 13, 6233 )
Rufus, a horseman ( CIL 13, 7026 )
Sulpicius Massa, a veteran ( CIL 3, 12361 )
[T] i (berius) Claudius Severus, a horseman ( RHP 124 )
T (itus) Lucretius A [], a horseman ( CIL 13, 11317 )
[Val] er [ius] [] [Eu] odu [s], a veteran and former stator ( CIL 3, 12378 )

Web links

Commons : Ala I Hispanorum - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

↑ According to John Spaul , the Ala Hispanorum Tironum and the Ala Hispanorum Veterana were possibly predecessor units from which the Ala I Hispanorum was later formed.

↑ According to Margaret M. Roxan, there is another unpublished inscription of the unity in Slaveni, dated 248.

↑ The assignment of the soldier to the unit is controversial.

↑ In the inscription ( AE 1983, 976 ) Sextus Iulius Possessor is referred to as curator , in the inscription ( CIL 2, 1180 ) as Praepositus .

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b John EH Spaul: Ala². The Auxiliary Cavalry Units of the Pre-Diocletianic Imperial Roman Army. Nectoreca Press, Andover 1994, ISBN 0-9525062-0-3 , pp. 144-146.

^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 166, 171 tables 9, 13 ( PDF p. 168, 173 ).

↑ ^a ^b Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu: Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul's Ala and Cohors In: Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40 / I Cluj-Napoca, 2002-2003 (2004), pp. 259-296, here p. 268 ( online ).

↑ Military diplomas of the years 92 ( ZPE-148-269 ), 97 ( RMD 5, 338 ), 105 ( RMM 10 ), 119 ( RMD 5, 351 ), 120 ( AE 2007, 1762 ), 125/126 ( AE 2009, 1035 ), 129 ( CIL 16, 75 ), 129/130 ( RMD 5, 376 ), 140 ( RMD 1, 39 ) and 146 ( RMD 4, 269 , ZPE-176-225 ).

↑ ^a ^b ^c Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 1. (PDF 23.5 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 124–144 (127–147) , accessed on July 3, 2018 .

↑ Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. (PDF 9.8 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 629-633 (50-54) , accessed on July 3, 2018 (English).

↑ Werner Eck , Andreas Pangerl: New diplomas for the Dacian provinces In: Acta Musei Napocensis 43-44 / I, 2006–2007 (2008), pp. 185–210, here p. 197 ( online ).

[GE1-5] According to John Spaul , the Ala Hispanorum Tironum and the Ala Hispanorum Veterana were possibly predecessor units from which the Ala I Hispanorum was later formed.

[GE2-7] According to Margaret M. Roxan, there is another unpublished inscription of the unity in Slaveni, dated 248.

[AN1-9] The assignment of the soldier to the unit is controversial.

[AN-10] In the inscription ( AE 1983, 976 ) Sextus Iulius Possessor is referred to as curator , in the inscription ( CIL 2, 1180 ) as Praepositus .

[jsp-1] A ^b John EH Spaul: Ala². The Auxiliary Cavalry Units of the Pre-Diocletianic Imperial Roman Army. Nectoreca Press, Andover 1994, ISBN 0-9525062-0-3 , pp. 144-146.

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 166, 171 tables 9, 13 ( PDF p. 168, 173 ).

[ot-fmp-3] Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu: Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul's Ala and Cohors In: Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40 / I Cluj-Napoca, 2002-2003 (2004), pp. 259-296, here p. 268 ( online ).