Cohors VIII Raetorum
The Cohors VIII Raetorum [civium Romanorum] [torquata] [equitata] ( German 8th cohort of the Raetians [of the Roman citizens] [awarded with torques ] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and brick stamps.
Name components
- Raetorum : the Rhaetians . The soldiers of the cohort were during installation of the unit from the people of Rhaetians in the area of the Roman province Raetia recruited.
- civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen or with Roman citizenship. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition occurs in military diplomas and the inscription ( AE 1960, 375 ).
- equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in the inscription ( AE 1960, 375 ).
Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.
history
According to Tacitus, the auxiliary troops of the Raetians were recruited at two different times: after the conquest of Raetia around 15 BC. And around 70 AD as a result of the Helvetian uprising. The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Pannonia , Moesia Superior, and Dacia (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years 80 to 179 AD.
The first evidence of unity in the province of Pannonia is based on a military diploma dated to the year 80. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 84 to 102, prove unity in the same province.
The first evidence of unity in the province of Moesia Superior is based on a diploma dated 103/107. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops that were stationed in the province.
The first evidence of unity in the province of Dacia is based on a diploma dated to the year 109. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Dacia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated from 110 to 179, prove the unit in the same province (or from 119 in Dacia Superior ).
Locations
Locations of the cohort in Dacia may have been:
Bricks marked H VIII R were found in Mehadia ( IDR-03-01, 00102b ) and Teregova ( IDR-03-01, 00114 ).
Members of the cohort
The following members of the cohort are known.
Commanders
- L (ucius) Avianius [] ratu [s]: he is named on the diploma of 119 as a commander.
Others
- Demuncius, a foot soldier: the diploma of 119 was issued to him.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Farkas István Gergő: THE ROMAN ARMY IN RAETIA Dissertation, University of Pécs Faculty of Humanities 2015, p. 158 ( PDF 19.1 MB, p. 161 ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. ).
- ^ A b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , p 274-275, 287
- ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, pp. 161, 164, 169 Tables 5, 8, 11 ( PDF pp. 163, 166, 171 ).
- ↑ Military diplomas of the years 80 ( CIL 16, 26 ), 84 ( CIL 16, 30 ), 85 ( CIL 16, 31 ), 102 ( CIL 16, 47 ), 103/107 ( CIL 16, 54 ), 109 ( RMD 3 , 148 ), 110 ( CIL 16, 57 , CIL 16, 163 ), 119 ( RMD 5, 351 ), 124 ( AE 2010, 1857 ) and 179 ( RMD 2, 123 ).
- ^ Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu: Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul's Ala and Cohors In: Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40 / I Cluj-Napoca, 2002-2003 (2004), pp. 259-296, here p. 291 ( online ).
- ↑ a b Werner Eck , Andreas Pangerl: New diplomas for the auxiliary troops of Lower Pannonia and the Dacian provinces from Hadrian times In: Acta Musei Napocensis (AMN) 39–40 / I, 2002–2003 (2004), pp. 25–50, here pp. 48–49 ( online ).
- ↑ Werner Eck, Andreas Pangerl: A diploma for the troops of Dacia superior under the command of Marcius Turbo in the year 119 AD. In: AMN 41–42 / I, 2004–2005 (2007), pp. 61–68, here p. 64 ( online ).
