Roman armed forces in Germania

The provinces Germania inferior and Germania superior

The Roman armed forces in Germania existed from around 15 BC. From the legions and auxiliary troops as well as the Classis Germanica , who were stationed on the territory of the (later established) Roman provinces Germania inferior and Germania superior .

Legions

The following legions (or parts of them) were stationed at the following locations at different times:

Germania inferior

• Bonn : the legions I Germanica , I Minervia , XXI Rapax
• Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium ( Cologne ): I Germanica
• Novaesium ( Neuss ): the legions VI Victrix , XVI Gallica , XX Valeria Victrix
• Ulpia Noviomagus Batavorum ( Nijmegen ): the legions II Adiutrix , VIIII Hispana , X Gemina
• Vetera ( Xanten ): the legions V Alaudae , VI Victrix , XXI Rapax , XXII Primigenia , XXX Ulpia Victrix

Germania superior

• Argentoratum ( Strasbourg ): the legions II Augusta , VIII Augusta
• Mogontiacum ( Mainz ): the legions I Adiutrix , I Germanica , II Augusta , XIIII Gemina , XVI Gallica , XXI Rapax , XXII Primigenia

Auxiliary troops

Germania inferior

A.D. 78 to 80

On military diplomas from the years 78 to 80, 6 Alae and 11 cohorts are listed for the Germania inferior province :

Ala Afrorum veterana Ala Moesica Ala Noricorum Ala Siliana Ala I singularium Ala Sulpicia

Cohors II Asturum Cohors II Civium Romanorum Cohors I Classica Cohors III Delmatarum Cohors I Flavia Cohors I Flavia Hispanorum

Cohors I Latobicorum et Varcianorum Cohors I Thracum Cohors II Thracum Cohors IV Thracum Cohors VI Thracum

AD 98-101

Military diplomas from years 98 to 101 list 6 alae and 23 cohorts for the province:

Ala Afrorum veterana Ala I Batavorum Ala Indiana Ala Moesica Ala Noricorum Ala Sulpicia

Cohors II Asturum Cohors III Breucorum Cohors VI Breucorum Cohors II Britannorum Cohors VI Brittonum Cohors I Civium Romanorum Cohors II Civium Romanorum Cohors I Classica

Cohors I Flavia Hispanorum Cohors I Hispanorum Cohors II Hispanorum Cohors I Latobicorum et Varcianorum Cohors I Lucensium Cohors III Lusitanorum Cohors I Pannoniorum Cohors I Pannoniorum et Delmatarum

Cohors I Raetorum Cohors VI Raetorum Cohors I Thracum Cohors II Thracum Cohors IV Thracum Cohors II Varcianorum Cohors I Vindelicorum

A.D. 127 to 167

On military diplomas from the years 127 to 160/167, 5 alae and 15 cohorts are listed for the province:

Ala Afrorum veterana Ala Gallorum et Thracum Classiana Ala Noricorum Ala Sulpicia Ala I Thracum

Cohors II Asturum Cohors III Breucorum Cohors VI Breucorum Cohors VI Brittonum Cohors II Civium Romanorum

Cohors I Classica Cohors I Flavia Cohors I Flavia Hispanorum Cohors I Latobicorum et Varcianorum Cohors I Lucensium

Cohors I Pannoniorum et Delmatarum Cohors I Raetorum Cohors VI Raetorum Cohors IV Thracum Cohors II Varcianorum

Germania superior

A.D. 65 to 90

On military diplomas from the years 65 to 90, 8 Alae and 21 cohorts are listed for the province of Germania superior :

Ala I Cannenefatium Ala Claudia nova Ala I Flavia Gemina Ala II Flavia Gemina Ala Indiana Ala Picentiana Ala Scubulorum Ala I singularium

Cohors I Aquitanorum Biturigum Cohors I Aquitanorum veterana Cohors II Aquitanorum Cohors III Aquitanorum Cohors IV Aquitanorum Cohors I Asturum Cohors II Augusta Cyrenaica Cohors VII Breucorum

Cohors I Civium Romanorum Cohors III Delmatarum Cohors V Delmatarum Cohors I Flavia Damascenorum Cohors III Gallorum Cohors I Germanorum Cohors II Hispanorum Cohors V Hispanorum

Cohors I Ligurum et Hispanorum Cohors II Raetorum Cohors VII Raetorum Cohors I Thracum Cohors IV Vindelicorum

116 to 134 A.D.

On military diplomas from the years 116 to 134, 4 alae and 17 cohorts are listed for the province:

Ala I Flavia Gemina Ala Indiana Ala Scubulorum Ala I singularium

Cohors I Aquitanorum Biturigum Cohors I Aquitanorum veterana Cohors III Aquitanorum Cohors IV Aquitanorum Cohors I Asturum Cohors II Augusta Cyrenaica

Cohors I Civium Romanorum Cohors III Dalmatarum Cohors V Dalmatarum Cohors I Flavia Damascenorum Cohors I Germanorum Cohors II Hispanorum

Cohors I Ligurum et Hispanorum Cohors II Raetorum Cohors VII Raetorum Cohors I Thracum Cohors IV Vindelicorum

Classis Germanica

→ Main article : Classis Germanica

The Classis Germanica was one of the largest naval associations of the Roman Empire and ranked ahead of all other provincial fleets. Your units were responsible for monitoring the entire Rhine , the navigable tributaries and the coastal strip of the Zuidersee and North Sea in the area of ​​the Rhine- Maas - Scheldt Delta.

Commander in Chief

See: List of Governors of Lower Germany and List of Governors of Upper Germany

See also

• List of Roman legions
• List of Roman auxiliary units

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, pp. 158–159, tables 2.3 ( PDF pp. 160–161 ).
2. ↑ Germania Inferior: Military diplomas from the years 78 ( CIL 16, 23 ) and 80 ( CIL 16, 158 , RMM 4 ),
3. ^ Germania Inferior: Military diplomas of the years 98 ( RMD 4, 216 ) and 101 ( RMM 9 )
4. ↑ Germania Inferior: Military diplomas of the years 127 ( RMD 4, 239 , RMM 24 ), 152 ( RMM 35 , ZPE-148-262 ), 158 ( RMD 1, 52 ) and 160/167 ( RMD 2, 120 )
5. ↑ Germania Superior: Military diplomas of the years 65 ( RMD 2, 79 ), 74 ( CIL 16, 20 ), 82 ( CIL 16, 28 ) and 90 ( CIL 16, 36 )
6. ^ Germania Superior: Military diplomas of the years 116 ( CIL 16, 62 ), 117/138 ( RMD 4, 258 ), 118 ( RMD 5, 348 ), 129/130 ( RMD 2, 90 ), 131/132 ( RMD 3, 159 ) and 134 ( CIL 16, 80 )