Cohors I Classica

Gravestone of Lucius Valerius Verecundus ( CIL 13, 12061 )

The Cohors I Classica [pia fidelis] [Domitiana] ( German 1st cohort of fleet members [loyal and loyal] [the Domitian] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions. According to John Spaul , the cohort is identical to the Cohors Nauticorum , which is listed in several inscriptions.

Name components

Classica : the members of the fleet. The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from members of the fleet (Latin classis ) when the unit was set up .

pia fidelis : loyal and loyal. Domitian (81-96) gave the Roman armed forces in Germania inferior who remained loyal to him after the suppression of the uprising of Lucius Antonius Saturninus the honorary designation pia fidelis Domitiana . The addition occurs in the military diplomas of 150 and 158.

Domitiana : the Domitian.

Nauticorum or Nautarum : the sailors.

Since there is no evidence of the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a pure infantry cohort, a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata . The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the province of Germania . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 80 to 158 AD.

A Cohors Nauticorum (or Nautarum ) was probably set up during the reign of Augustus and was probably stationed in the province of Alpes Maritimae for a long time . Possibly this unit took part in the suppression of a revolt in Aquitaine by Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus around 28 BC. Part.

The unit was relocated to the province of Germania at an unspecified point in time , where it is first evidenced by diplomas dated 80. In the diplomas, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Germania ) that were stationed in Germania . Further diplomas, dated from 98 to 158, prove the unit in the province of Germania inferior .

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Alpes Maritimae were possibly:

Cemenelum ( Cimiez ): Several tombstones of members of the Cohors Nauticorum have been found here.

Locations of the cohort in Germania Inferior were possibly:

Fort Op de Hoge Woerd ( Vleuten-De Meern ): A brick with the stamp COH I CLASSIC PFD was found here.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

Cla (udius) Paternus Clementia [n] us, a prefect ( CIL 3, 5775 , CIL 3, 5776 ). He was also prefect of the Ala Siliana .

Q (uintus) Livius Velenius Pius Severus, a prefect ( CIL 9, 4885 , CIL 9, 4886 )

Others

Apolonius Dionysius, a tubicen ( CIL 5, 7884 )
C (aius) Lucceus, a soldier ( AE 1904, 7 )
Eripo, a centurion ( CIL 5, 7885 )
Ingenuus, a centurion ( CIL 13, 12061 )
L (ucius) Nonius quadratus, a soldier ( CIL 5, 7892 )
L (ucius) Nonius Rufus, a soldier ( CIL 10, 6672 )
L (ucius) Val (erius) Verecundus, a soldier ( CIL 13, 12061 )
Marius ( AE 1964, 249 )
Mum (mus), a centurion ( CIL 5, 7892 )

Pacatus, a centurion ( AE 1964, 249 )
Petronus, a centurion ( CIL 13, 923 )
Sex (tus) Nonius Severus, a veteran ( CIL 10, 6672 )
Sex (tus) Valerius Maxsumus, a soldier ( CIL 13, 923 )
Ti (berius) Iulius Fr (), a duplicarius ( CIL 5, 7887 )
Ti (berius) Iulius rest (itutus), a centurion ( CIL 5, 7888 )
Ti (berius) Iulius Viacus, a soldier ( CIL 5, 7888 )
T (itus) Aurelius Bodionti (c) us ( CIL 5, 7885 )
Valerius Gal (lus) tutus, a soldier ( CIL 13, 924 )

Further cohorts with the designation Cohors I Classica

There were three other cohorts with this designation, see Cohors I Classica (disambiguation) .

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Classica - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

↑ The scenario given here follows the explanations of Jan Kees Haalebos and other historians. It is based on two different units: the Cohors I Aelia Classica , which was stationed in the province of Britannia and a second unit, the Cohors I Classica , which was stationed in the provinces of Germania and Germania inferior . John Spaul , however, assumes a single cohort that was stationed in these provinces. All inscriptions from the province of Britannia are therefore assigned to the Cohors I Aelia Classica ; all other inscriptions, however, are from the Cohors I Classica .
↑ The scenario given here follows the explanations of John Spaul . It assumes that the Cohors Nauticorum was the predecessor unit of the Cohors I Classica in the province of Alpes Maritimae .

Individual evidence

^ Paul A. Holder: Exercitus Pius Fidelis: The Army of Germania Inferior in AD 89 In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik . Volume 128 (1999), pp. 237-250, here pp. 237, 242 ( PDF ).
^ ^A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , Pp. 477-478
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 158 Table 2 ( PDF p. 160 ).
↑ Military diplomas of the years 80 ( CIL 16, 158 , RMM 4 ), 98 ( RMD 4, 216 ), 101 ( RMM 9 ), 127 ( RMD 4, 239 , RMM 24 ), 150 ( ZPE-206-207 ), 152 ( RMM 35 , ZPE-148-262 ) and 158 ( RMD 1, 52 ).

↑ ^a ^b Jan Kees Haalebos : Traian and the auxiliary troops on the Lower Rhine A military diploma of the year 98 AD from Elst in the Over-Betuwe (Netherlands) In: Saalberg Jahrbuch, 2000/50, pp. 31-72 , here p. 49 ( online p. 20 ).

↑ Georgette Laguerre: L'occupation militaire de Cemenelum (Cimiez-Nice) In: Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise Année , 1969, pp. 165-184, here pp. 165-168, 181-182 ( online ).

[GE1-5] The scenario given here follows the explanations of Jan Kees Haalebos and other historians. It is based on two different units: the Cohors I Aelia Classica , which was stationed in the province of Britannia and a second unit, the Cohors I Classica , which was stationed in the provinces of Germania and Germania inferior . John Spaul , however, assumes a single cohort that was stationed in these provinces. All inscriptions from the province of Britannia are therefore assigned to the Cohors I Aelia Classica ; all other inscriptions, however, are from the Cohors I Classica .

[GE2-6] The scenario given here follows the explanations of John Spaul . It assumes that the Cohors Nauticorum was the predecessor unit of the Cohors I Classica in the province of Alpes Maritimae .

[pah-1] Paul A. Holder: Exercitus Pius Fidelis: The Army of Germania Inferior in AD 89 In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik . Volume 128 (1999), pp. 237-250, here pp. 237, 242 ( PDF ).

[jsp-2] A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , Pp. 477-478

[js-3] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 158 Table 2 ( PDF p. 160 ).

[MD-4] Military diplomas of the years 80 ( CIL 16, 158 , RMM 4 ), 98 ( RMD 4, 216 ), 101 ( RMM 9 ), 127 ( RMD 4, 239 , RMM 24 ), 150 ( ZPE-206-207 ), 152 ( RMM 35 , ZPE-148-262 ) and 158 ( RMD 1, 52 ).

[jkh-7] Jan Kees Haalebos : Traian and the auxiliary troops on the Lower Rhine A military diploma of the year 98 AD from Elst in the Over-Betuwe (Netherlands) In: Saalberg Jahrbuch, 2000/50, pp. 31-72 , here p. 49 ( online p. 20 ).

[gl-8] Georgette Laguerre: L'occupation militaire de Cemenelum (Cimiez-Nice) In: Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise Année , 1969, pp. 165-184, here pp. 165-168, 181-182 ( online ).