Cohors VII Raetorum

The dedicatory inscription of the Prefect Cn (aeus) Calpurnius Verus ( CIL 13, 7735 )

The Cohors VII Raetorum [Antoniniana] [equitata] ( German 7th cohort of the Raetians [the Antoninian] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and brick stamps.

Name components

Raetorum : the Rhaetians . The soldiers of the cohort were during installation of the unit from the people of Rhaetians in the area of the Roman province Raetia recruited.

Antoniniana : the Antoninian. An honorific designation that refers to Caracalla (211-217) or Elagabal (218-222). The addition appears in the inscription ( CIL 13, 7736 ).

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in several inscriptions.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

Fragment of the standard of the Cohors VII Raetorum, found at Niederbieber Castle

history

According to Tacitus, the auxiliary troops of the Raetians were recruited at two different times: after the conquest of Raetia around 15 BC. And around 70 AD as a result of the Helvetian uprising.

The first reliable proof of unity in the province of Germania is based on a military diploma that is dated to the year 74 AD. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Germania ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated between 82 and 134, prove the unit in the same province (or from 90 in Germania Superior ).

The cohort was probably destroyed around 260 at Niederbieber Castle (see Niederbieber Castle # Downfall for the possible theories).

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Germania Superior were possibly:

Small fort Ferbach
Niederberg Fort : The dedicatory inscriptions by Cn (aeus) Calpurnius Verus and Titionius Primus were found in Niederberg.
Vindonissa ( Windisch ): The Clua's payment receipt was found in Vindonissa.

Bricks with the stamp C VII R were found in Vindonissa ( CIL 13, 12457 ) and Zurzach ( CIL 13, 12458 ), those with the stamp C VII RAET EQ in Niederberg ( CIL 13, 12459 ).

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

C (aius) Camurius Clemens, a Prefect ( CIL 11, 5669 ); he was also Prefect of the Ala Gallorum Petriana and Tribune of the Cohors II Ulpia Petraeorum .
Cn (aeus) Calpurnius Verus, a prefect ( CIL 13, 7735 )

[P (ublius) Li] cinius Licinianus, a prefect ( CIL 2, 3237 )
Ti (berius) Robilius Flaccus, a prefect (around 40/53) ( AE 1980, 224 )

Others

Albius Pudens, a Decurio (around 38) ( AE 1992, 1272 )
Clua, a horseman (around 38) ( AE 1992, 1272 )

Genialis, an imaginifer ( CIL 13, 11868 )
Titioniu [s] Primus, a Centurion ( CIL 13, 07736a )

Web links

Commons : Cohors VII Raetorum - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Farkas István Gergő: The Roman Army in Raetia Dissertation, University of Pécs Faculty of Humanities 2015, p. 158 ( PDF 19.1 MB, p. 161 ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. ). @1@ 2

^ ^A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , Pp. 274-275, 285-286

^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 159 table 3 ( PDF p. 161 ).

↑ Military diplomas of the years 74 ( CIL 16, 20 ), 82 ( CIL 16, 28 ), 90 ( CIL 16, 36 , RMD 5, 333 ), 116 ( CIL 16, 62 ), 118 ( RMD 5, 348 ), 129 ( RMD 2, 90 ) and 134 ( CIL 16, 80 ).

[fig-1] Farkas István Gergő: The Roman Army in Raetia Dissertation, University of Pécs Faculty of Humanities 2015, p. 158 ( PDF 19.1 MB, p. 161 ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. ). @1@ 2

[jsp-2] A ^b ^c John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , Pp. 274-275, 285-286

[js-3] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 159 table 3 ( PDF p. 161 ).

[MD-4] Military diplomas of the years 74 ( CIL 16, 20 ), 82 ( CIL 16, 28 ), 90 ( CIL 16, 36 , RMD 5, 333 ), 116 ( CIL 16, 62 ), 118 ( RMD 5, 348 ), 129 ( RMD 2, 90 ) and 134 ( CIL 16, 80 ).