Cohors I Lepidiana

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The military diploma of June 13, 80 AD ( CIL 16, 26 )

The Cohors I Lepidiana [civium Romanorum] [bis torquata] [equitata] ( German  1st cohort Lepidiana [of the Roman citizens] [awarded twice with torques ] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

  • Lepidiana : When the unit was set up, the soldiers of the cohort were recruited in the area of ​​the (later) province of Gallia Lugdunensis , possibly already under Caesar or Augustus . Gallic alae were often named after one of their first commanders; probably this also applies to the Cohors I Lepidiana .
  • civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen or with Roman citizenship . The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition appears in several military diplomas and in the inscriptions ( AE 1908, 22 , CIL 3, 12251 ).
  • equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition occurs in the inscriptions ( AE 1908, 22 , CIL 3, 12251 ).

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Pannonia , Moesia Inferior, and Cappadocia (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years 80, 97, 99, 105, 107, 114, 119, 120, 121, 125 and 127 AD.

The first evidence of unity in the province of Pannonia is based on a diploma dated to the year 80. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province.

The first evidence of unity in Moesia Inferior is based on a diploma dated to the year 97. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 99, 105, 107, 114, 119, 120, 121, 125 and 127, prove unity in the same province.

The cohort left Moesia Inferior not long after 127, as it is no longer listed on the other diplomas for the province. Whether she was stationed in the province of Asia or in Cappadocia is uncertain. But she was not among the units that Arrian mobilized for his campaign against the Alans (ἔκταξις κατ᾽ Ἀλανῶν) around 135. But around 199 it is documented by the inscription ( AE 1908, 22 ) in Cappadocia .

The unit named Cohors prima Lepidiana is mentioned for the last time in the Notitia dignitatum under the command of the Dux Armeniae for the Caene / Parembole location.

Locations

Cohort locations in Cappadocia may have been:

  • Caene / Parembole: The unit is listed in the Notitia dignitatum for this location.
  • Melik Serif: The inscription ( AE 1908, 22 ) proves the presence (of parts) of the cohort in Melik Serif.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

  • Εγνατιος λουκιου, a επαρχος
  • [Τιτ] ος Μουκιος Κλεμενς, a επαρχος

Others

See also

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Lepidiana  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ For details on the military diplomas (literature, dates etc.) see the disc page.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , Pp. 151, 155-156
  2. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 161, 166 tables 5, 9 ( PDF p. 163, 168 ).
  3. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 80 ( CIL 16, 26 ), 97 ( RMD 5, 337 ), 99 ( CIL 16, 45 , RMM 8 , AE 2012, 1957 ), 105 ( RMM 11 , AE 2004, 1256 ), 107 ( AE 2009, 1803 ), 114 ( CIL 16, 58 ), 119 ( AE 2009, 1807 ), 120 ( AE 2009, 1808 ), 121 ( AE 2008, 1722 ), 125 ( RMD 4, 235 , AE 2009, 1810 ) and 127 ( RMD 4, 241 , AE 2008, 1755 ).
  4. ↑ a b Michael Alexander Speidel : The Development of the Roman Forces in Northeastern Anatolia. New evidence for the history of the exercitus Cappadocicus. , Special print from: MA Speidel, Heer und Herrschaft im Römischen Reich der Hohen Kaiserzeit, Stuttgart 2009, pp. 595–631, here p. 617 ( online ).
  5. ↑ Notitia dignitatum in partibus Orientis XXXVIII.35 ( online ).